首页 > 过刊浏览>2023年第43卷第8期 >1323-1331. DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20220639
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沼液施用对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长和生理特性的影响*
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1.陇东学院生命科学与技术学院 甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与修复重点实验室;2.陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院,甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与修复重点实验室;3.陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院

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甘肃省自然科学(18JR3RM237)；兰州大学“细胞活动与逆境适应教育部重点实验室”开放(lzujbky-2020-kb05)；陇东学院青年科技创新项目博士研究专项(XYBE1602)。


Effects of biogas slurry application on growth and physiological characteristics of maize seedlings under drought stress
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    摘要:

    为了探明干旱胁迫下沼液对玉米抗旱生理特性的影响及其机制，以玉米中等抗旱品种‘先玉335’和较强抗旱品种‘中单2号’为材料，研究了50%沼液根部浇灌处理对10% PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长的缓解效应及光合参数的影响，结果表明：（1）与对照相比，‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’在干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长受到明显抑制，其中幼苗的苗高、茎粗、叶面积、根长等各种生长指标明显降低，‘先玉335’的分别下降23.8%、10.3%、19.2%、29.5%，‘中单2号’的分别下降16.2%、5%、17.7%、21.7%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’根系活力分别增加58.2%和71.9%，根冠比分别增加36%和26.3%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’叶片可溶性糖含量分别增加21%和38.61%，脯氨酸含量分别增加32.3%和17.6%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’叶片MAD含量分别提高78.4%和57.6%；‘先玉335’的SOD、POD和CAT酶活性分别提高了34.3%、26.9%、39%，‘中单2号’的分别提高了62.7%、78.2%、38.2%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’的叶片叶绿素SPAD值分别下降10.6%和5.8%，‘先玉335’叶片光合参数Pn、Tr、Gs、WUE分别下降26.4%、17.0%、16.2%和10.3%，‘中单2号’的Pn、Tr、Gs分别下降16.9%、23.6%和23.1%，而WUE增加18.7%。（2）50%沼液根施均能有效缓解干旱胁迫对两种不同抗旱性玉米幼苗的生长抑制，与PEG处理相比，两种玉米的幼苗苗高、茎粗、叶面积、根长明显增加，‘先玉335’的苗高、茎粗、叶面积、根长分别增加38.7%、28.6%、30.6%和24.7%，‘中单2号’的分别增加36.8%、43.6%、28.2%和33.2%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’的叶片干鲜比分别增加50%和25%；根系活力分别增大47.7%和66%，须数分别增加13.3%和18.0%，根冠比分别下降33.3%和30.2%；‘先玉335’叶片可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量分别增加7.37%、11.57%，而可溶性蛋白含量变化不大，‘中单2号’叶片可溶性糖、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量分别增加28.2%、17.15%、14.6%；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’幼苗叶片MAD含量分别下降36.06%和44.6%；‘先玉335’ 和‘中单2号’的SOD、POD、CAT酶活性进一步增加，‘先玉335’三种抗氧化酶活性分别增加了19.3%、20.7%、42.3%，而‘中单2号’的SOD、POD分别提高26.5%、73.6%，但CAT酶活性减小；‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’叶片叶绿素含量SPAD值分别增加10.4%和5.8%；‘先玉335’的光合参数Pn、Tr、WUE分别增加47.4%、35.3%、9%；‘中单2号’的Pn、Tr、WUE分别增加42.9%、4.7%、36.3%。研究发现，沼液根施处理可以有效改善干旱胁迫下‘先玉335’和‘中单2号’幼苗光合能力，显著提高抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质的含量，降低膜脂过氧化程度，从而达到缓解干旱胁迫的作用，且对‘中单2号’的缓解效果较显著。

    Abstract:

    Abstract: To investigate the influence and physiological mechanism of biogas slurry application on maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under drought stress. Use ‘Xianyu 335’ (moderate drought resistance line) and ‘Zhongdan No.2’ (stronger drought resistance line) were used as materials to study the alleviating effect of biogas slurry on the effect of maize seedling growth and photosynthetic parameter under 10% PEG-6000 simulated drought stress. The results showed that compared with the control, the seedling height, stem diameter, leaf area, root length of maize hybrid line Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan No.2 decreased obviously under drought stress. Xianyu 335’ decreased by 23.8%, 10.3%, 19.2%, and 29.5% respectively, and Zhongdan No.2 decreased by 16.2%, 5%, 17.7%, and 21.7% respectively. The root activity increased by 58.2% and 71.9% respectively. and the root-top ratio increased by 36% and 26.3% respectively. The content of soluble sugar increased by 21% and 38.61% respectively, the proline content increased by 32.3% and 17.6% respectively. The content of MDA increased by 78.4% and 57.6% respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD), peroxidase ( POD), catalase ( CAT) increased, and Xianyu 335 increased by34.3%, 26.9%, and 39% respectively, and Zhongdan No.2 increased by 62.7%, 78.2%, and 38.2% respectively. Chlorophyll SPAD value decreased by 10.6% and 5.8% respectively. Pn, Gs, Tr, and WUE of Xianyu 335 decreased by 26.4%, 17.0%, and 16.2% respectively, while those of Zhongdan NO.2 decreased by 16.9%, 23.6%, and 23.1% respectively, on the contrary, the WUE of Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 18.7%. Applying 50% biogas slurry obviously alleviated the damage of maize seedlings caused by drought stress. Compared with PEG treatment, the seedling height, stem diameter, leaf area and root length of maize hybridization lines Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan NO.2 increased significantly, with the seedling height, stem diameter, leaf area and root length of Xianyu 335 increased by 38.7%, 28.6%, 30.6%, and 24.7% respectively, while those of Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 36.8%, 43.6%, 28.2%, and 33.2% respectively. The root activity of Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 47.7% and 66%, respectively, and the fibrous root number increased by13.3% and 18.0%, respectively, instead, the root-top ratio decreased by 33.3% and 30.2%, respectively. The content of soluble sugar and the proline content of Xianyu 335 increased by 7.37% and 11.57%, respectively, while the content of soluble protein is unchanged, the those of Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 28.2%, 17.15%, and 14.6% respectively. The leaf dry fresh ratio increased by 50% and 25%, respectively. In leaves, MDA decreased by 36.06% and 44.6%, respectively. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT increased further, Xianyu 335 increased by 19.3%, 20.7%, and 42.3% respectively, and Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 26.5% and 73.6%, respectively, however, its CAT activity is decreased. Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters Pn, Tr, and WUE increased，and chlorophyll content increased by 10.4% and 5.8% respectively. Photosynthetic parameters Pn Tr, and WUE of Xianyu 335 increased by 47.4%, 35.3%, and 9% respectively, and Zhongdan NO.2 increased by 42.9%, 4.7%, and 36.3% respectively. The results showed that 50% biogas slurry applying concentrations could effectively improve the photosynthetic capacity of Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan No.2 seedlings under drought stress, significant increase of the activities autioxidant enzyme and the concentration of osmotic regulatory substances, and reduce the membrane permeability, so as to alleviate the drought stress, and the alleviating effect on drought stress to the Zhongdan No.2 is more significant remarkable between two lines of maize.

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杨建霞,毛宁,张雪娟,等.沼液施用对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长和生理特性的影响*[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(8):1323-1331

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-23
  • 最后修改日期:2023-06-03
  • 录用日期:2023-05-23
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-08
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