叶面喷施NaCl对有色薄膜下苗用型大白菜物质累积的调节效应
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河北省重点研发计划(18226928D)


Regulatory Effects of Foliar Spraying with NaCl on the Accumulation of Biomass in Seedling Chinese Cabbage Grown under Color Plastic Film
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    摘要:

    以苗用型大白菜品种‘油绿3号’为材料,设置日光温室内盆栽实验,在蓝膜(Bflim)、绿膜(Gflim)、黄膜(Yflim)、红膜(Rflim)、无色膜(Wflim)下进行叶面喷施0(CK)、12和24 mmol·L-1 NaCl的组合处理(Bflim0、Bflim12、Bflim24、Gflim0、Gflim12、Gflim24、Yflim0、Yflim12、Yflim24、Rflim0、Rflim12、Rflim24、Wflim0、Wflim12、Wflim24),测定幼苗的干鲜物质量、叶面积、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)以及光合色素、可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量等指标,以明确有色薄膜下叶面喷施NaCl对苗用型大白菜的生长及物质累积的复合调节效应。结果表明:(1)相同薄膜颜色下,与对照(0 mmol·L-1 NaCl)相比,苗用型大白菜的各项生长指标在12和24 mmol·L-1 NaCl处理下均不同程度增加,并以Yfilm12处理的生长促进效应最大,其鲜物质量、干物质量、叶面积、可溶性糖含量分别比Wfilm0处理显著增加54.40%、45.06%、38.99%和76.77%;Rfilm12和Wfilm12处理的生长促进效应较大,但Bfilm12处理更有利于游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质累积以及叶绿素形成。(2)相同盐浓度条件下(0~24 mmol·L-1 NaCl),5种有色薄膜下苗用型大白菜的干鲜物质累积量以Yfilm0处理最大,Wfilm0处理较大,Rfilm0处理较低,Bfilm0和Gfilm0处理最低。(3)叶面喷施12 mmol·L-1 NaCl不仅对红膜下可溶性糖含量和蓝膜下光合色素含量的增加会有进一步提升的较强叠加效应,且对蓝膜下干物质累积、可溶性糖含量、PnGs以及红膜下叶面积、游离氨基酸含量和可溶性蛋白质含量的降低具有较强的补偿效应。(4)有色薄膜下苗用型大白菜的干鲜物质量、可溶性糖含量、光合色素含量以及Pn等因变量不仅受到R、FR光谱范围参数的直接通径因子调节,而且受到R∶FR、B∶R光谱比例参数的调节;叶面积还受到YR、R∶FR、B∶Y、B∶G等光谱特征参数的调节。研究发现,5种有色薄膜下,叶面喷施低浓度NaCl对苗用型大白菜生长及物质累积均呈现促进效应,且既有协同叠加效应也有补偿缓解效应,并以黄膜尤其是黄膜下叶面喷施12 mmol·L-1 NaCl处理对苗用型大白菜生长的促进效应最优。

    Abstract:

    The seedling Chinese cabbage variety ‘Youlü No. 3’ was used as the material for pot experiment in a solar greenhouse. Under the blue film(Bflim), green film(Gflim), yellow film(Yflim), red film(Rflim) and colorless film(Wflim), the leaves were foliar sprayed with 0, 12 and 24 mmol·L-1 NaCl(Bflim0, Bflim12, Bflim24, Gflim0, Gflim12, Gflim24, Yflim0, Yflim12, Yflim24, Rflim0, Rflim12, Rflim24, Wflim0, Wflim12 and Wflim24). The dry and fresh matter quality, leaf area, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar and free amino acid contents of the seedlings were measured, The compound regulation effect of foliar spraying NaCl on the growth and material accumulation of seedling Chinese cabbage under colored film spectrum was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) under the same film color, compared with the control (0 mmol·L-1 NaCl), the growth indexes of seedling type Chinese cabbage were increased in different degrees under 12 and 24 mmol·L-1 NaCl treatments, and the growth promotion effect of Yfilm12 treatment was the largest. The fresh matter mass, dry matter mass, leaf area and soluble sugar content were significantly increased by 54.40%, 45.06%, 38.99% and 76.77%, respectively compared with Wfilm0 treatment; Rfilm12 and Wfilm12 treatments had greater growth promoting effect, but Bfilm12 treatment was more beneficial to the accumulation of free amino acids and soluble proteins and the formation of chlorophyll. (2)Under the same salt concentration (0-24 mmol·L-1 NaCl), the dry and fresh matter accumulation of seedling Chinese cabbage under the five colored films was the largest in Yfilm0 treatment, the larger in Wfilm0 treatment, the lower in Rfilm0 treatment, and the lowest in Bfilm0 and Gfilm0 treatment. (3) Spraying 12 mmol·L-1 NaCl on the leaf surface not only has a strong superposition effect on the increase of soluble sugar content under the red film and photosynthetic pigment content under the blue film, but also has a strong compensation effect on the decrease of dry matter accumulation, soluble sugar content, Pn and Gs under the blue film, and leaf area under the red film, free amino acid content and soluble protein content. (4) The dry and fresh matter quality, soluble sugar content, photosynthetic pigment content, Pn and other dependent variables of seedling Chinese cabbage under colored film were not only regulated by direct path factors of R and fr spectral range parameters, but also by R∶FR and B∶R spectral proportion parameters; Leaf area is also regulated by spectral characteristic parameters such as YR, R∶ FR, B∶ y and B∶ G. It was found that under the five colored films, the foliar spraying of low concentration NaCl had a promoting effect on the growth and material accumulation of seedling Chinese cabbage, and there were both synergistic and compensatory effects. The yellow film, especially the foliar spraying of 12 mmol·L-1 NaCl under the yellow film, had the best promoting effect on the growth of seedling Chinese cabbage.

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王春平,薛占军,王俊玲,等.叶面喷施NaCl对有色薄膜下苗用型大白菜物质累积的调节效应[J].西北植物学报,2022,42(9):1540-1551

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-10
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