不同温度处理对珠芽魔芋球茎休眠调控的影响
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1.云南大学 资源植物研究院;2.云南大学资源植物研究院

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珠芽黄魔芋优良品种培育与产业化示范(编号:202004AC10001-A06)


Effects of Different Temperature Treatments on Dormancy Regulation of Konjac Bulbil
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Cultivation and industrialization demonstration on bulbil konjac(founding No. 202004AC10001-A06)

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    摘要:

    为探究不同温度处理对珠芽魔芋球茎休眠调控的影响,以珠芽魔芋叶面球茎为材料,在球茎休眠期设置昼/夜变温(24℃/9℃、24℃/13℃、24℃/17℃)、恒温(9℃、13℃、17℃、21℃)及室温处理,萌发期设置26℃、33℃催芽处理,分析不同温度处理后珠芽魔芋球茎在休眠 Ⅰ 期、休眠 Ⅱ 期以及萌发前期、中期、后期、末期的生物表型变化、内源生理变化规律及其休眠调控相关基因的变化情况。结果表明:(1)休眠期恒温处理有利于提高珠芽魔芋球茎的出芽比,其中13℃恒温打破休眠和萌发期33℃催芽处理球茎的发芽率最先达到峰值,且其出芽比最高。(2)休眠Ⅱ期的球茎淀粉含量低于休眠Ⅰ期,而其可溶性糖含量高于休眠Ⅰ期,13℃恒温处理球茎淀粉含量下降最快,其可溶性糖含量最高;前期恒温处理球茎淀粉、可溶性糖含量在萌发前期和萌发后期之间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而前期昼夜变温处理球茎仅可溶性糖含量在萌发前期和萌发后期之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。(3)珠芽魔芋球茎ABA含量在休眠 Ⅰ 期和休眠 Ⅱ 期逐渐增多,而其GA3含量逐渐减少,萌发期珠芽魔芋球茎ABA含量呈现“先升后降”的规律,26℃催芽处理的珠芽魔芋球茎GA3含量呈现“先升后降”的规律,33℃催芽处理的珠芽魔芋球茎GA3含量整体呈上升的趋势。(4)珠芽魔芋NCED基因表达量随着休眠程度的加深逐渐增加,而在萌发期逐渐减少,CYP707A基因表达量随着休眠的加深逐渐减少,而在萌发期表达量增加。研究发现,珠芽魔芋打破休眠的最佳温度为恒温13℃,促进萌发的最佳温度为33℃;随着珠芽魔芋打破休眠,球茎中的淀粉含量降低,可溶性糖含量升高;ABA含量“先升后降”,GA3含量“先降后升”;NCED和CYP707A基因可能是珠芽魔芋休眠调控中的关键基因。

    Abstract:

    To explore the effects with different temperature on the dormancy regulation of konjac bulbil, the foliar bulbils were used as the material. The day/night temperature (24 ℃/9 ℃, 24 ℃/13 ℃, 24 ℃/17 ℃) and constant temperature (9℃, 13℃, 17℃, 21℃) were set during the dormancy period, and the temperature was set at 26 ℃ and 33℃ during the germination period. Analyzed the biological phenotypic changes, endogenous physiological changes and expression of genes related to dormancy regulation after different temperature treatment in dormancy Ⅰ , Ⅱ , early germination , germination of mid , germination of late and terminal germination stage. The results show that (1) Constant temperature treatment during the dormancy stage was beneficial to improve the budding ratio of konjac bulbil. Dormancy was broken by constant temperature treatment at 13℃ in the dormancy stage, and germination rate of konjac bulbil reached its peak at 33℃ in the germination stage. (2) The content of starch in bulbil at dormancy Ⅱ stage was lower than dormancy Ⅰ stage, the content of soluble sugar in bulbils at dormancy Ⅱ stage was higher than dormancy Ⅰ stage, the content of starch in bulbils at 13℃ decreased the fastest, and the content of soluble sugar in bulbils at 13℃ was the highest. There were significant differences in starch content and the soluble sugar content of bulbils between early and late stage of germination (P < 0.05) .(3) The content of ABA in bulbils increased gradually, and the content of GA3 decreased gradually in dormancy stage Ⅰ and dormancy stage Ⅱ. The ABA content of bulbils in germination period showed a trend of "first rising and then decreasing" and the content of GA3 in bulbils treated at 26℃ also showed the same trend in germination period. The GA3 content of bulbils treated with a germination temperature of 33℃ showed an overall upward trend. (4) The expression level of NCED gene increased gradually with the deepening of dormancy and decreased gradually during germination; The expression of CYP707A gene decreased gradually with the deepening of dormancy and increased significantly during germination.In conclusion,we found that the optimal temperature for breaking dormancy was 13℃, and the optimal temperature for promoting germination was 33℃. As the konjac bulbil broken the dormancy, the starch content in the bulbils decreased and the soluble sugar content increased; ABA content showed a trend of "first rising and then decreasing", GA3 content showed a trend of "first decreaseing and then rising"; and we suggest that the gene NCED and CYP707A may be the key genes in the dormancy regulation of konjac bulbil.

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王蕊嘉,李文涵,赵青青,等.不同温度处理对珠芽魔芋球茎休眠调控的影响[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(12):2088-2099

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-15
  • 最后修改日期:2023-10-08
  • 录用日期:2023-10-10
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-12-12
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