【Objective】To understand the effects of compound saline and alkaline stresses with different salt distribution ratios and different concentration gradients on the growth and physiological indexes of resistance of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grape (Vitis vinfera "Cabernet Sauvignon") seedlings. To confirm the range of salinity tolerance and its ability to tolerate salinity.【Methods】One-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon seedlings were used as test materials, and three groups of neutral, weakly alkaline, and strongly alkaline salt solutions were mixed with NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3, and Na2CO3 in different ratios, with a concentration gradient of 50, 100, and 150 mmol/L for each group, and no treatment solution was used as control. The solution without treatment was used as the control, and the seedlings were watered regularly during the growth period. Different types and degrees of saline and alkaline stress were simulated through indoor potting experiments, and the growth morphology, physiology and photosynthetic indexes of the seedlings were measured at different periods after the treatment.【Results】1) Stem thickness and leaf area showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of salt stress concentration, while the plant height of "Cabernet Sauvignon" seedlings basically showed a decreasing trend. The plant height of "Cabernet Sauvignon" seedlings was significantly lower in the 150 mmol/L treatment for 10 d and 150 mmol/L treatment for 40 d in the strongly alkaline salt stress group compared with that in the neutral and weakly alkaline groups during the same period of time; 2) SOD activity and MDA content showed an increase and then a decrease with the increase of salt concentration. MDA content showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, while the POD activity of "Cabernet Sauvignon" seedling leaves showed a trend of slow increase, the POD activity of leaves in the strongly alkaline salt stress group was higher than that of the neutral and weakly alkaline salt stress treatment group of the same concentration in the treatment of 30-50 d. However, with the prolongation of the time treatment, the POD activity of "Cabernet Sauvignon" seedlings was lower than that of the other two treatment groups of the same concentration in the treatment of 60 d, but with the prolongation of the time treatment, it gradually decreased. lower than the other two treatment groups with the same concentration, in which the 150 mmol/L concentration showed more obvious. 3) Intercellular CO2 concentration, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grape seedlings mainly showed a decreasing trend with the increase of salinity concentration, and their intercellular CO2 concentration and net photosynthetic rate were higher in the treatment of 50 mmol/L concentration. Under the same salt concentration treatment, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves was significantly lower than that of neutral and weakly alkaline treatment groups under strong alkaline salt stress at 150 mmol/L for 75 d. The net photosynthetic rate of leaves was significantly lower than that of neutral and weakly alkaline treatment groups under the same salt concentration treatment. 4) Under the same salt concentration, the height and maximum leaf area of seedlings treated with strong alkaline salt stress were significantly lower than those of the neutral and weak alkaline salt treatment groups; the leaf SOD activity was significantly increased by 27% in the 50 mmol/L neutral salt stress treatment compared with that of the CK; and the MDA content of the leaves increased significantly and gradually with the prolongation of time under the 150 mmol/L strong alkaline salt stress.【Conclusion】The growth of "Cabernet Sauvignon" seedlings was limited under saline stress, but its plant height, leaf area, intercellular CO2 concentration, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate showed good growth trends under 50 mmol/L concentration treatment, while its plant height and stem thickness grew the least significantly under strong alkaline salt stress of 150 mmol/L saline solution. The growth of plant height and stem thickness was the least obvious under 150 mmol/L saline solution of strong alkaline salt stress; 50 mmol/L saline treatment was favourable to the growth of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine seedlings in a certain low concentration range.