侧柏珠孔闭合过程的研究及其进化生物学意义
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1.西北农林科技大学 林学院;2.中国农业大学 植物保护学院

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Q944.5

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国家植物标本馆 2023 和 2024 年标本数字化项目(E0117G1001、K3010223005)、陕西省引进博士科研基金(A279021830)。


Study on micropyle closure in Platicladus orientalis and implications of biological evolution
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National Plant Specimen Repository 2023 and 2024 specimen digitization project (E0117G1001, K3010223005), and the Research Funds for the Doctoral Program of Shaanxi Province (A279021830).

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    摘要:

    【目的】研究侧柏珠孔闭合过程,以丰富裸子植物珠孔闭合研究数据,为裸子植物系统发育研究提供参考。【方法】以侧柏雌球花为试验材料,通过石蜡切片及扫描电子显微镜等形态学方法,对授粉后胚珠发育过程进行观察;同时基于珠孔闭合方式对本内苏铁和其他现存裸子植物进行聚类分析。【结果】(1)侧柏花粉进入胚珠后,珠孔端珠被最内侧两层细胞开始辐射状向内横向生长,直至将珠孔完全堵塞。(2)侧柏珠孔闭合过程中,珠被细胞形状为长圆锥形,细胞层数增多至4~6层不等。(3)裸子植物珠孔闭合方式可分为四类:其中苏铁、银杏为一类,松属植物与罗汉松科植物为一类,本内苏铁单独一支,侧柏及其他种聚为一类。【结论】侧柏珠孔闭合方式不同于苏铁类植物和银杏,但与松科植物及本内苏铁的珠孔闭合方式类似,这暗示本内苏铁与现存松柏类植物在珠孔闭合方面具有一定的演化关系,为理解裸子植物生殖系统演化提供新的形态学依据。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】 In order to enrich the data for the study of micropyle closure in gymnosperms and to provide a reference for the phylogenetic study of gymnosperms, the micropyle closure of Platicladus orientalis Franco was investigated.【Methods】 Female cones of Platycladus orientalis were sampled and examined using morphological techniques, including paraffin sections and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, cluster analyses based on the mode of micropyle closure were also conducted for Bennettitales.【Results】 (1) After the pollen of Platicladus orientalis enters the ovule, the innermost two cell layers of the integument begin to grow radially inward until the micropyle is completely closed. (2) During the micropyle closure of Platicladus orientalis, the innermost cells of the integument are elongated and conical in shape, with the cell layers typically increasing to around 4 to 6 layers. (3) The micropyle closure of gymnosperms can be divided into four clades. These groups include one for Cycas and Ginkgo, another for Pinus and Podocarpaceae, a separate group for Bennettitales, and a cluster consist of Platycladus orientalis and other species. 【Conclusion】 The micropyle closure of Platicladus orientalis is differ with Ginkgo and cycads. while is similar with Pinus and Bennettitales. This study suggested that evolutionary relationship in micropyle closure between Bennettitales and extant conifers, providing novel morphological evidence for understanding the evolution of gymnosperm reproductive systems.

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尚鑫,朱小影,贾智硕,等.侧柏珠孔闭合过程的研究及其进化生物学意义[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(9):1456-1463

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-02
  • 最后修改日期:2024-05-23
  • 录用日期:2024-05-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-08-20
  • 出版日期: 2024-09-05
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