【Objective】 NAC transcription factors played a significant role in plant resistance to abiotic stress. In this study, the NAC transcription factor gene BvNAC40 was cloned from the drought-resistant sugar beet variety "HI0466", and its protein structure and expression pattern under drought stress were analyzed. This research provide a theoretical basis for eluidating its function in the drought resistance in sugar beet. 【Methods】 The BvNAC40 gene was cloned using PCR technology, and its protein structure was analyzed through bioinformatics methods. Subcellular localization was studied using green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein technology. The expression levels of the BvNAC40 gene under drought stress were measured at different time points and in different tissues using qRT-PCR. Overexpression vectors and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) vectors for the BvNAC40 gene were constructed using homologous recombination technology. 【Results】 The CDS region of the BvNAC40 gene was 1 182 bp long, encoding 393 amino acids, and was classified within the NAC transcription factor family, with a transmembrane domain at the C-terminus. Subcellular localization showed that it was primarily located in the nucleus. Under drought stress, the expression of the BvNAC40 gene was significantly upregulated in both the leaves and roots of sugar beet. 【Conclusion】 The BvNAC40 gene is specifically expressed during the drought response in sugar beet. This study provides a theoretical basis for further functional analysis of the BvNAC40 gene and the breeding of drought-resistant sugar beet varieties.