One species of Pertusaria, Pertusaria australis Vian and one species of Toninia, Toninia arctica Timdal are reported as new for China. A detailed description of their morphology, anatomy and chemistry is provided in this paper. The specimens examined are deposited in the Lichen Section of the Botanical Herbarium, Arid land Lichen Research Center of Western China, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China (XJU-NALH).