The karyotypes of 20 population in 6 lily species native to China were studied using traditional squash method.The results showed that:(1)The chromosome number of the 1 population was 22(2n=22),that of the 19 others was 24(2n=24).(2)Of the 20 populations,4 populations possessed B chromosome,12 populations had different numbers satellite.(3)17 populations belonged to the stebbins’ 3B karyotype,2 populations belonged to 3A karyotype,and the rest one belonged to 4B karyotype.(4)The AS.K and the ratio of the length of the longest and the shortest chromosome were 77.16%～83.83% and 1.85～3.07,respectively.A lot of chromosome morphology diversity existed among different populations or different varieties of the same species.The genetic diversity of different species or populations could be discriminated by means of the number and position of different kinds of chromosomes,as well as the difference of satellite number and positions.