The leaf epidermal micromorphology of twelve species of Scutellaria L.from Xinjiang was investigated under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The results showed that there were various forms of the shape and anticlinal walls of the upper epidermal cells of Scutellaria,but the shape of the lower epidermal cells were all irregular and the anticlinal walls were all sinuate without taxonomic significance.The size,density,index and the inner margin of outer rims of stomatal apparatus and cutin ornamentation and trichomes on both lower epidermal and upper epidermal were all obviously different among different species in genus Scutellaria.There were gland dots on most leaves of Scutellaria,and the size,distribution and density of gland dots were different among different species.These leaf epidermal morphological characters could provide evidence to identify species and study the systematic relationships of taxa of Scutellaria L.