In this paper,the research was based on field investigation and indoor specimen identification.The species diversity of Asteraceae in Oasis and Desert of Shihezi was preliminary studied.It shows that:(1)90 species (don’t include the cultivated species) discovered by investigation fall into 45 genera.The number of species is more about Tribe Cichorieae,Tribe Cardueae,Tribe Anthemideae of Asteraceae.Containing 30 genera accounting for 66.7%,67 species accounting for 74.4%;The single species,fewer species is large proportion of flora of the area Asteraceae.They are a total of 42 genera (93.33%),70 species (77.78%).(2)The geographical elements of genera are divided into 8 types and 5 variants,which are dominated by Old World Temperate and variants (35.90%) and Medit.,W.to C.Asia (28.21%).(3)The life forms are divided into 5 styles,which are dominated by hemicryptophytes (27.78%) and therophytes (40%).Meanwhile,ephemeral plants (16.67%),ephemeroid plants (8.89%) and chamaephytes (6.67%) are also important components.The Asteraceae plant habitat is more diverse,which is closely related with reclamation area gradually expanded and interpenetration of farmland and native habitat.