Seed vigor is an important index of seed quality and a main part of seed value.Seed vigor is one of the research focus in seed science.In this article,the recent advances on seed vigor were reviewed,including the evolution and extension of seed vigor concept,genetic analyses,new determination methods,miRNA and proteomics analyses related seed vigor,and the mechanism of enhancing seed vigor by priming.Moreover,the research directions in future of seed vigor were also proposed in this article.