Genetic variation analysis for nut phenotype and nutrient was carried on using ninety-seven Chinese chestnut cultivars from ten province such as Shandong Province,et al.The results showed that:(1)There were extensive genetic variation among ninety-seven cultivars,and very significant differences between cultivars for nut phenotype and nutrient.Coefficients of genetic variation of traits were large,and the largest reached 0.378,indicated that the genetic potential were large;and the repeatability of characters were above 0.928,which showed that these were controlled by strong genetic factors.(2)There were significant positive correlation among phenotype characters,and also positive correlation among nutrient indexes,but there were negative correlation between the phenotype traits and nutrient indexes.Thus,phenotype and nutrient could be as two comprehensive factors which mutually independent and also has certain associations.(3)Forty-three cultivars were selected from ninety-seven cultivars through principal component analysis using eight indexes of nut phenotype and nutrient,and combined with the multiple comparison results.These cultivars have single or multiple advantages such as bigger nuts,or rich nutrient,or both,which can be chosen as excellent chestnut materials.