Mining tailings are special ecosystems with harsh environmental conditions,the recovery of these ecosystems would broaden the scope of ecology.In this study,the relationship between soil seed banks and stand vegetation from different communities in Lanping Lead/Zinc Mining Area were explored by combining field investigations and seed germination trial.The results showed that:(1)The communities which recovered from tailing sites (CRTS) (including Poa pratensis man-made grassland,Artemisia princeps community and Coriaria nepalensis scrub) were lower in species number and plant diversity than reference communities (RC) (including Pinus yunnanensis forest and Quercus aquifolioides scrub,the natural vegetation in this site).(2)The soil seed bank of P.pratensis man-made grassland and A.princeps community were higher in species diversity than that of its stand vegetations.(3)Anemochorous plants dominated the soil seed banks and stand vegetations of CRTS,which means these plants would play important roles in vegetation recovery at the early stage of revegetation,and is mainly composed of Compositae and Poaceae.(4)CRTS were higher in similarity between stand vegetation and corresponding soil seed banks than that of RC,and lower in similarity between different vegetations and soil seed banks of different communities.These illustrate stand vegetation is tightly related with its soil seed banks at early stage of CRTS,and the mode of community building and succession time are two important factors influencing plant composition of soil seed banks.