Based on detailed field investigation,collection of specimens and identification of Amblystegiaceae,Brachytheciaceae and Hypnaceae in Xinjiang,we reported 114 species belonging to 38 genera.Among them,33 species of 15 genera belong to Amblystegiaceae,51 species 12 genera to Brachytheciaceae and 30 species of 11 genera to Hypnaceae.There are 4 genera and 37 species new to Xinjiang,among which 2 species reported new to China.The moss flora of Amblystegiaceae,Brachytheciaceae and Hypnaceae of Xinjiang was divided into 9 areal-types.The total elements were dominated by North Temperate representing 52.08% of the total species,followed by East Asia element,and the tropical element is little.According to comparisons of Xinjiang and 7 neighborhoods(Tibet,Inner Mongolia,Russia,Mongolia,Kazakhstan,Pakistan and India),India has the highest species richness index,followed by Russia and Xinjiang.The values of similarity coefficient of flora between Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and Russia are higher than that of other regions.Cluster analysis of these 8 regions showed that Xinjiang has the closest relatives of flora with Inner Mongolia,and the moss flora of Xinjiang is closely associated with Russia.