For discovering the optimum solution,the leaves and callus of Codonopsis lanceolata are used to induce the mutations by Ethyl Methyl Sulfone(EMS).The roots of induced plants were analyzed to screen out variant plants.The results showed that:(1)Both the survival rate and differentiation rate of leaves and calluses induced by EMS were lower compared with the control,and reduced along with the rise of concentration and time.(2)The fatal combination of leaves and callus were (0.4% EMS+4 h) and (0.3% EMS+4 h),and the semilethal combination were (0.3% EMS+2 h) and (0.2% EMS+2 h).Callus was the better material on inducing variation of C.lanceolata.(3)The variant plant of No.6 contained 5.061 mg/g saponins which was 5.48% higher than that of the control.(4)Genetic analysis of regenerative group showed that,10 materials were amplificed for 59 strips by 8 special primers,the number of polymorphic strips was 44,which accounted for 74.6%.Genetic similarity coefficients of different materials were among 0.453~0.912.The plants of No.3,No.6 and No.7 were the variations.The research suggested that EMS treatment was an effective way for mutagenesis of somaclonal variation of C.lanceolata and achieved to get variant plants which have more saponins.