A Gossypium hirsutum phospholipase C (GhPLC,GenBank Accession Number:KR154219) gene was cloned using RT-PCR method from developing ovule and fiber tissues,and the function of lipid metabolism was analyzed through transforming GhPLC into Arabidopsis.Sequencing identification showed that the full open reading frame of GhPLC was 1 524 bp containing a protein of 508 amino acids with a theoretical molecular weight of 55 kD.Sequence alignment analysis displayed that GhPLC gene belongs to the classical alkaline phosphatase superfamily.The recombinant proteins of GhPLC was obtained with molecular weight of 55 kD by prokaryotic expression of pET32a-GhPLC.Enzyme activity determination showed that recombinant GhPLC proteins has high activity of catalyzing phosphatidylcholine (PC) to diacylglycerol (DAG).Semi-quantitative PCR analysis indicated that GhPLC gene participates in cotton seed and fiber development.Plant overexpression vector 35S∷GhPLC was constructed and transformed into Columbia wild-type Arabidopsis.Transgenic GhPLC Arabidopsis showed significant promotion both in transcription and enzyme levels,and the oil content of transgenic Arabidopsis seeds increased with 5.3% higher than wide-type.