In this study,a salt tolerant variety VAO-9 was used to analyse leaf cDNA library of oat treated with 300 mmol/L NaCl by Illumina sequencing and in silico expression profile.At the same time,relative conductivity,MDA,and proline content of leaves under 0(CK),100,200,250 and 300 mmol/L NaCl stressed were determined,probed the relationship between the differentially expressed of genes and physiological response to salt stress.The results showed that:(1)transcriptome sequencing get 65 801 Unigenes,and the gene expression in oat transcriptome showed high nonhomogeneity and redundancy.FDR value ≤0.001 and log₂ Ratio≥2 as the selection criteria when identify and analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs),compared with the control,there were 306 and 64 genes up-and down-regulated expressed respectively coercion 0.5 h;coercion 3 h,there were 639 genes up-regulated,290 genes down-regulated;stressed 24 h,1488 genes up-regulated and 882 genes down-regulated.(2)The KEGG pathway analysis indicated there are 23 652 unigenes comparison to the 128 KEGG metabolic pathways,including abiotic stress-related pathways,such as plant hormone signaling pathways,ABC transporter protein pathway,inositol phosphate pathway,osmotic adjustment,and so on.The changing trends of the physiological indicators(relative conductivity,MDA,and proline contents in oat leaves) were the same as the differentially expressed genes under 300 mmol/L NaCl stressed,which indicated that the amount of differentially expressed genes is closely related to the physiological responses.Thus,salt tolerance genes expression can be judged according to the physiological indicators of plant salt response.