In this study,the cotton fiber protein of ‘Xuzhou 142’ have been performed to exhibit the protein profile differences between different development stages of cotton fiber cells.(1)The total protein content was decreased gradually,and the content was the highest in 5 DPA.Meanwhile,15 distinct protein spots were found in the 2-DE map;(2)It was found that there are five distinct different proteins associated with cotton fiber development with MALDI-TOF-MS:They were GhSAM，GhPGK，GhCSD，GhFB and GhMDH protein,respectively;(3)The 2-DE map analysis of cotton fiber in different development stages showed that GhSAM,GhPGK1 and GhMDH were expressed throughout the whole development stage,GhCSD was expressed from 15 DPA,GhFB was expressed from 20 DPA，and GhSAM expression was higher at 15 DPA,GhPGK1 expression was higher at 10 DPA,GhMDH,GhCSD and GhFB expression were higher at 30 DPA.The results showed that the differences were existed in different cotton fiber developments stages,and these proteins are involved in a wide range of physiological processes,such as energy metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,cell cycle control and development.