The morphological traits and ultrastructure of Camellia oleifera leaf were observed, using resin embedding technology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The results indicated that: (1) The abnormal leaf was proliferative tissues of infected young leaf, compared with normal leaves. The thickness of the swelling leaf increased 3 to 5 times, the cell volume increased 3 to 8 times, and the number of cells increased 1 to 2 times. (2) Hyphae exist in the lower epidermis to layer 4~7 in the intercellular then epidermis exfoliated from the lower surface of the leaf at later stages. (3) Several abnormal phenomenons such as the rupture of chloroplast membranes, the decrease of the numbers of internal thylakoid membranes of chloroplast and the damaged structure of organelles were observed.