Hydrogen is widely studied as a new active gas. In plant growth and development, hydrogen has the role of promoting seed germination, seedling growth and adventitious root growth; In the process of plant stress, the body produces a large number of reactive oxygen species. Through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, antioxidant generation and its corresponding transcripts, hydrogen improves plant resistance to drought, salt stress, heavy metal stress, herbicides, ultraviolet radiation and other stresses. At the same time, hydrogen can also regulate the expression of stressrelated genes such as resistance to pests and diseases.This paper reviews the role of hydrogen in promoting plant growth and improving plant resistance, and the mechanism of hydrogen as a signal molecule to enhance the stress resistance of plants by regulating antioxidant defense systems under adversity stress, with a view to a better understanding and promotion of hydrogen in agricultural science research and application.