In order to clarify the difference of waxy crystal structures and waxy components in different organs of wheat, we selected the flag leaf, leaf sheath, peduncle, anthers and glumes of wheat from the wheat cultivar CP98 (11) during the flowering stage as material. The wax composition of each organ was identified by gas chromatography, and the waxy crystal structure was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that 30 compounds were identified as the wax components of different organs of wheat, mainly primary alcohols, diketones, alkanes, fatty aldehydes, fatty acids and esters. The highest content of diketones was detected in sheath, peduncle and glume, it was 78.96%, 67.03% and 68.6% of total wax, respectively. In anther, the content of alkanes was the highest by 75.82%. The content of the primary alcohols was 45.91%, followed by 33.19% of alkanes in flag leaf. Based on the observation of scanning electron microscope, the wax crystal structure on adaxial surface of flag leaf blade was platelet shaped structure, abaxial surface of flag leaf blade and glume surface were covered with platelets and tubules, waveshaped wax structure was observed on anther surface. Similar tubuleshaped crystals were found on leaf sheaths and peduncles.