The method for profiling and identification of anthocyanins in flowers was established by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique with grape hyacinth (Muscari latifolium) as the material. The influence of configuration of mobile phase, initial and maximum percentage of organic phase, flow rate, on separation effect was studied and the feasibility of the method was verified. The structure of the components was further identified by high pressure liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLCMS) to study the flower color mechanism. The results showed that: (1) the extracts were separated on a Tosoh C₁₈ column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with 0.1% methanoic acid80% acetonitrile as mobile phases by gradient elution. The flow rates was 0.8 mL/min and the column temperature was 35 ℃. (2) Anthocyanins showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.001-1 mg/mL with correlation coefficient of 0. 999 8. The limit of detection was 0.1 μg/mL. The recovery rate was between 94.4%-99.8% with the relative standard deviation 1.42%. (3) The results showed that six anthocyanin components were detected in petals of M. latifolium, including delphinidin 3Oglucoside, petunidin 3Oglucoside, malvidin 3Oglucoside, pelargonidin3Ocaffeoylsophoroside5Oarabinoside,cyanidin and cyanidin3O(pcoumaroyl)glucoside5Omalonylglucoside.