Based on the documents collection and the field investigation, this study concentrates on the floristic characteristic of seed plant and the distribution of rare and protected seed plants in Dabie Mountain of Anhui Province, and we also compared Dabie Mountain of Anhui Province with the around districts. The results showed that: (1) The resources of seed plants are rich in Dabie Mountain of Anhui Province. This area contains 1 648 species (excluding subspecies) of seed plant species, which belong to 145 families and 731 genera. (2) By using statistical and the principal component analysis, the flora is geographically a transitional area from subtropical to the temperate types. (3) The coefficient similarity of species between Dabie Mountain in Anhui Province and Gujingyuan in Yuxi(64.52%) has a close relationship, and Qingliangfeng(40.22%) has a weekly relationship, and Wanfoshan in Shucheng(24.65%) has a distant relationship; (4) There are 21 rare and protected seed plants, including 5 kinds of rare and endangered plants, 2 kinds of firstclass state protected plants and 14 kinds of secondclass state protected plants.