Based on vegetation investigation data in the Ulanbuh Desert, we used a combination analytical method of species diversity and population connectivity to evaluate the survival status of rare plant community (Ammopiptanthus mongolicus),and to further reveal the stability and update of plant community and its succession trend. The result shows that: （1）the species composition of A. mongolicus community is abundant. There are 25 species associated with the A. mongolicus, including 12 species of shrubs and 13 species of herbaceous plants. （2）Species diversity level of the shrub layer is higher than that of the herb layer. But one thing is similar whether it is shrub or herbaceous that species diversity values of the A. mongolicus community in fixed dune habitat are all very large. The decrease of species uniformity is the main reason for the decrease of herbaceous layer diversity. （3）Interspecific overall association analysis shows that there has a slight positive correlation between the species in the shrub layer. However, even the species with low connectivity may also have a higher chance of accompanying.（4）In the case of interspecific connections, most species are positively connected or have less connectivity. The interaction relationship between A. mongolicus and other species are very small and nonsignificant, indicating that the distribution and existence of the plant are not affected by other species and have independent distribution characteristics. The results suggest that we can protect and choose other species which have strong positive associations with A. mongolicus to maintain the living environment of the A. mongolicus community, thus improve the stability of the community, and ultimately achieve the purpose of effective protection.