In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the energy consumption, we set up different proportions of red and blue light by light emitting diodes (LEDs). The effects of light qualities on proliferation culture of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus plantlets were investigated based on the morphological and physiological and biochemical indexes. The most suitable LED light condition was selected, and the physiological mechanism was discussed preliminarily. The results showed that: (1) the multiplication rate of gerbera plantlets had significant difference under different treatments of LED light qualities. It was the highest multiplication rate under RB₄ (the ratio of red to blue light was 4∶1) during treatments. (2) The plantlet height under composite light significantly lower than that of R (red light only) and B (blue light only) treatments; the fresh and dry weights under red and blue composite light treatments of RB₂, RB₄ and RB₈ (ratios of red to blue light were 2∶1, 4∶1 and 8∶1, respectively) were significantly higher than those under R, B and control treatments. (3) Soluble sugar content of gerbera plantlets under RB₄ was significantly higher than that of other treatments, increasedby 89.62%comparedto thecontrol. (4) The malondialdehyde content of gerbera plantlets under LED composite light treatments was significantly lower than that of control, and decrease with the increase of red light ratio. The superoxide dismutase activity under RB₂, RB₄ and RB₈ was significantly lower than those under other treatments. Catalase activity of gerbera plantlets under all treatments of LED light qualities, except R, was significantly higher than that of control, and it was the highest under RB₄ treatment. The present study indicated that RB₂, RB₄ and RB₈ treatments help to improve multiplication factor and dry and fresh weight, increase the content of soluble sugar, enhance the scavenging active oxygen, alleviate the membrane lipid peroxidation of the gerbera plantlets. Gerbera plantlets had the best performance under RB₄ treatment, and they had significantly higher multiplication rate and soluble sugar content than that of other treatments, the highest dry and fresh weight and catalase activity, the lowest malondialdehyde content except red light treatment. Therefore, red and blue LED light ratio 4∶1 is the optimal light quality for proliferation culture of gerbera.