The study aimed to explore the effect of deepfurrow planting pattern on photosynthetic efficiency of grape in the northwest arid region. The effects of deepfurrow planting pattern on the rhizosphere soil moisture and photosynthetic efficiency were studied with flatfurrow planting pattern as control using the table grape types of ‘Jingya’ and ‘Red globe’ as testing materials.The results showed: (1) under drought stress, the rhizosphere soil relative water content, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s),Intercellular CO₂ concentratio (C_i), transpiration rate (T_r) and water utilization efficiency (WUE) of grapevine in both deepfurrow planting and flatfurrow planting continued to drop; However, the rhizosphere soil relative water content and WUE under deepfurrow planting dropped at a slower rate than those under flatfurrow planting. In addition, during severe drought (towards the later part of drought stress), the rhizosphere soil relative water content and WUE under deepfurrow planting were significantly higher than those under flatfurrow planting. (2) Based on a logistic model, curve fitting was performed for the correlation between the soil relative water content to P_n, Cond, C_i, and T_r, and the following was revealed: relative water contents of 30%-50% and 40%-60% were the two ranges that significantly affected the photosynthetic efficiency in grapevines under deepfurrow planting and flatfurrow planting, respectively. (3) The inflection point of the logistic equation was defined as the soil moisture threshold. The rhizosphere soil moisture threshold was the point of highest efficiency in water utilization and photosynthesis for grapevine. Test results showed that the threshold of rhizosphere soil moisture in deepfurrow planting and flatfurrow planting were 41.76% and 52.60%, respectively. The above results apparently showed that under drought stress when compared with flatfurrow planting, water loss in rhizosphere soil could be effectively reduced in grapevines planted in deep furrow so that the WUE was higher in photosynthesis taking place in grapevines and higher photosynthesis efficiency could be achieved even when soil moisture was lower. Thus, deepfurrow planting is an ideal droughtresistant planting pattern for cultivating grapes in arid areas. In deepfurrow planting, the test results suggested that the rhizosphere soil relative water content of 43.43% and 40.19% were the most effective soil moisture that generated the highest WUE during photosynthesis in the leaves of ‘Jingya’ and ‘Red Globe’, respectively; the appropriate soil moisture range for ‘Jingya’ and ‘Red Globe’ were 43.32%-50% and 40.19%-50%, respectively.