Distributed extensively in the artificial Caragana intermedia shrublands, soil crusts play key roles in the hydrological process of earth surface．Taking the biological soil crusts of artificial C. intermedia forests in desert steppe as the research object, this paper studies the form and influencing factors of the surface soil hydrological effects of biological soil crust from the seasonal scale through the analysis of the monitor of the hydrological and physical characteristics of the soil in dry season and rainy season with or without crust processing. Several key results are shown as follows．(1) The dynamics of soil water content in the surface soil of the artificial C. intermedia stands in distinct patterns in the dry season and the rainy season. The waterholding effect is mainly manifested in small rainfall among which the most typical one is in summer with strong soil evaporation, but the relative waterholding capacity of the crust is weakened or even lost when in rainy season. (2) Due to the seasonal conversion of biological crusts activity, the soil capacity, saturated moisture content and total porosity on the surface layer of C. intermedia plantation have changed different degrees on the seasonal scale. (3) Whether in the dry season or the rainy season, the existence of biological crusts will reduce soil moisture infiltration performance, regardless of whether there is crust coverage, the soil moisture infiltration rate in the rainy season is lower than that in the dry season.