In order to understand the basic properties of the longan ERF family and the expression of early embryogenesis, this study identified 108 ERF family members for basic physicochemical properties and phylogenetic tree construction in the longan genome. The relationship between DlERF family members and lncRNA and miRNA was predicted and expressed in combination with longan transcriptome, miRNA and lncRNA database. The results showed that: (1) the physicochemical properties and phylogenetic tree analysis of the family indicated that the AP2/ERF domain is relatively the most conservative in longan, and DlERF may play an important role in the longterm stress resistance and defense ability of the pathogen. (2) Analysis of expression levels in RNASeq revealed that 95 ERF genes were detected in the transcriptome, and there were 31, 11 and 53 ERF genes highly expressed in the callus, incomplete embryonic compact structure and globular embryo stage, respectively. (3) qRTPCR results showed that among the five ERF genes that were significantly expressed early in the longan somatic embryo, the expression levels of Dlo_008317.1ERF152, Dlo_022310.1ERF11 and Dlo_009939.1ERF98 in GE stage were significantly higher than those of EC and ICpEC, Dlo_009070.1ERF1063 and Dlo_022634.1ERF221 were highly expressed in the EC and ICpEC phases, respectively. (4) Analysis of DlERF family members and related lncRNA and miRNA expression levels showed that LTCONS_00013739 has a positive regulatory relationship with the target gene Dlo_008317.1ERF152; Dlo_miR413 and Dlo_miR1510a target Dlo_009070.1ERF1063 together, showing a significant negative regulatory relationship from EC to GE, while Dlo_miR413 and Dlo_008317.1ERF152 expression were positively correlated, presumably compared to Dlo_008317.1ERF152 Dlo_miR413 is more inclined to regulate Dlo_009070.1ERF1063; Dlo_miR408 and Dlo_miR774b regulate Dlo_009939.1ERF98. From the expression trend, Dlo_miR774b can negatively regulate Dlo_009939.1ERF98 in the early stage of longan somatic embryogenesis; Dlo_miR399c and Dlo_022310.1ERF11 may have negative regulation relationship in EC to GE stage. (5) Ethylene treatment with different gradient concentrations significantly downregulated DlERF gene expression. These findings provide important insights into DlERF during somatic embryogenesis in longan, and lay a foundation for further functional analysis of DlERF during somatic embryogenesis in longan.