In order to explore the physiological mechanism of nitrogen metabolism in wheat roots after anthesis under field management models that integrated by differnet water controls and fertilizer managements, provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving nitrogen use efficiency and realizing high yield and good quality in production, we determined the activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT), glutamicpyruvic transaminase (GPT) and nitrate reductase (NR) in roots of different soil layers (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) after anthesis (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 d) under three management models at different yield levels ［highyield and highefficiency model (HH), highefficiency model (HE), super highyield model (SH)］ by using Aikang58 that planted in rootbox. The results showed that: (1) the activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in roots of 20-40 cm soil layer were higher than those of 0-20 cm in late stage of wheat growth; the activities of four nitrogen metabolism enzymes in roots of two soil layers under HH model were significantly higher than those of SH and HE models, but there was no significant difference between SH and HE model in most periods. (2) GS activity in roots of two soil layers under three models showed a tendency of “downrisedown”, and reached a peak at 14 days after anthesis, then decreased. (3) Compared with SH and HE models, the GOGAT activity intensity and maintenance time in roots under HH model were higher than those under SH and HE models; GPT activity in roots of two soil layers under HH and SH model had no obvious change from anthesis to 7 days after anthesis, but decreased rapidly from 7 days to 14 days and remained at a certain level from 14 days to 28 days. (4) NR activity in roots of two soil layers under three models decreased more slowly from anthesis to 21 days after anthesis and decreased rapidly from 21 days after anthesis to 28 days after anthesis. (5) There were significant differences in grain yield and its components among three models, and grain yield of HH model was significantly higher than that of SH and HE model. The study showed the reasonable cultivation model could better coordinate the physiological activities of the upper and underground parts of wheat, and then guarantee the high yield. Furthermore, the root nitrogen assimilation ability of HH model was the strongest and its yield was the highest.