Taking the Eriobotrya japonica ‘Baiyu’ of 24 orchards planted in the hillside area of Wuzhong district, Suzhou, Jiangsu province as the research object, we carried out the correlation analysis between soil, leaves and fruits mineral elements and their fruit quality indicators by using the typical correlation analysis method. Regression analysis was used to screen the main mineral elements in soil, leaves and fruits affecting the quality of loquat fruit and the main soil mineral nutrient factors affecting leaves mineral elements, which provide a theoretical reference for orchard nutrition management techniques to improve the quality of loquat fruit. The results showed that: (1) the quality index of loquat fruit was different between different orchards. (2) The quality of loquat fruit was mainly affected by the content of mineral elements in leaves and fruits. Among them, the weight of per fruit was significantly positively correlated with N content in leaves and negatively correlated with N content in fruits. The content of soluble solids was significantly positively correlated with the contents of N and Mg in leaves, and significantly positively correlated with the contents of P and Mn in fruits, and negatively correlated with the contents of Ca and Mg in fruits. The titratable acid content was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of N and Zn in the leaves, and negatively correlated with the contents of N and Mn in the fruits, and positively correlated with the content of Ca in the fruits. (3) The correlation between fruit quality index and soil mineral nutrient content is weak. Soil mineral nutrient mainly affects leaf mineral content, which indirectly affects fruit quality. Among them, P, K, Ca, Mn and Cu in soil have great influence on the contents of mineral elements in leaves. According to the study, the key technical approach of soil management in hillside orchard of Dongshan is to increase the contents of P, K, Zn and reduce the content of Ca in soil. The key measure to improve the quality of loquat fruit in Dongshan by increasing the content of N in leaves and the contents of N, P, Mn in fruits, and reducing the contents of Ca, Mg in the fruits.