This paper reports a new record of Orchidaceae from the Qinling Mountains, Neottia papilligera Schltr. This species was previously known from the northeast China, the east Siberia and the Far East Russia, the Korean Peninsula and Japan. The occurrence of N. papilligera in the Qinling Mountains extends its distribution in China for about 8 degrees of latitude to the south, from the cold and moderate temperate zones to the south edge of the warm temperate zone in China. A key to the 8 species of Neottia in the Qinling Mountains is provided.