Three genera and five species of Brassicaceae from Shaanxi Province are recorded here for the first time, namely Neomartinella Pilger, Rapistrum Crantz and Diplotaxis de Candolle for genera, and Neomartinella yungshunensis (W. T. Wang) AlShehbaz, Cardamine anhuiensis D. C. Zhang et J. Z. Shao, Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Bess., Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All. and Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC for species, respectively.