A total of 23 local tea variety resources from Xiaomaoshan, Liangshan and Nanwushan in Yunxiao County, Fujian Province were used as test materials. The contents of catechins, purine alkaloids and amino acid components detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (UPLCMS/MS), and descriptive statistics, difference analysis and cluster analysis were performed for screening tea varieties with specific biochemical components. The results showed that: (1) the total catechin content of 23 tea variety resources ranged from 73.54-260.31 mg·g^-1 , with an average of 160.48 mg·g^-1 . Epigallocatechin3Omethylgallate (EGCG3″Me) was detected in all resources, and the highest content was Xiaomaoshan 3 (X03), up to 33.65 mg·g^-1 . (2) The total purine alkaloids in 23 tea variety resources ranged from 15.28-70.42 mg·g^-1 , with an average of 40.95 mg·g^-1 . The theacrine (TC) was detected in tea variety resources (LS01LS07) in Liangshan, and the theacrine content of Liangshan 6(L06) and Liangshan 7(L07) were higher than their caffeine contents. (3) The total amino acid content of 23 tea variety resources ranged from 6.40-47.57 mg·g^-1 , with an average of 20.83 mg·g^-1 . Amino acid composition is rich, a total of 20 amino acids were detected. (4) The results of difference analysis and cluster analysis showed that the biochemical components of tea variety resources in three regions of Yunxiao County had obvious regional characteristics. Among them, tea resources in Liangshan are rich in theacrine (TC). The contents of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin3Omethylgallate (EGCG3″Me) were higher in Xiaomaoshan resources. The contents of alanine (Ala), glutamic acid (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) in Nanwushan tea variety resources were slightly higher than those in other two places. Our data suggested that the catechins, purine alkaloids and amino acids of Yunxiao local tea variety resources were significantly different, rich genetic diversity and obvious regional characteristics. 18 specific germplasms including high catechin, high EGCG3″Me, high theacrine and high theanine were screened, which laid the foundation for the systematic development and utilization of Yunxiao local tea variety resources.