Huperzia serrata is a class Ⅱ national key protected wild plant, of which the biological resources is rapidly reducing at present. Based on climate data and the distributed data of H. serrata in China, our study built ensemble models to predict the suitable region of H. serrata in current and future (2070) climate scenarios in China, and used ERDAS and ArcGIS to calculate the changes of the area and centroid of suitable region, to explore the impact of climate change on the suitable region of H. serrata, which could provide theoretical basis for the protection of H. serrata. The results showed that: (1) the AUC value was greater than 0.9, which meant an excellent prediction. (2) The main bioclimatic variables affecting the suitable region of H. serrata were precipitation of wettest month, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of the coldest quarter and max temperature of the warmest month. (3) The total suitable region of H. serrata was 226.99×10⁴ km² in current, the area of moderately and highly suitable regions was 154.51×10⁴ km², the centroids were located in western Hunan Province. (4) The total suitable region of H. serrata has little changed, but the area of moderately and highly suitable region has contracted sharply, for RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5, the moderately and highly suitable region have net contracted 14.34%, 23.31%, 31.63% and 47.08%, respectively, all the centroids have changed to the northwest. In conclusion, the area of moderately and highly suitable region in China was affected by climate change, and it would gradually change into unsuitable region and lowly suitable region with the increase of emission levels in future.