To explore the expression pattern and transcriptional regulation characteristics of resveratrol synthase gene (RS), we cloned RS1 gene using RTPCR from Vitis davidii callus. The expression pattern of RS1 was studied under 8 different light qualities, and the transcription factors targeting at RS1 were predicted and verified. The results showed that: (1) RS1 gene (GenBank accession number: OM339527) was cloned from V. davidii. The open reading frame of RS1 gene was 1 179 bp composed of 2 exons and 1 intron, encoding 392 amino acids. RS1 protein was a hydrophilic protein without signal peptide, and was predicted to be cytoplasmic localization. Phosphorylation modification mainly occurred at threonine and serine sites. The secondary structure of protein mainly consists of αhelix, random coil and strand. (2) There were multiple light response and transcription factor recognition/binding elements in RS1 promoter, other cisactive elements were involved in hormone regulation, growth and development, and environmental response. (3) Twentythree transcription factors belonging to 9 families targeting at RS1 were predicted by transcriptional regulation analysis, among which, MYB and Dof had many family members and RS1 promoter binding sites. (4) Collinearity analysis showed that grapevine had the highest collinearity with Populus trichocarpa, MYBDIV and Dof5.1 genes had multiple collinear genes. (5) Relative qPCR analysis indicated that longwavelength light quality promoted RS1 expression. MYBDIV and targeted gene RS1 had the same expression pattern under different light qualities and culture stages, while Dof5.1 revealed contrary results with RS1. This research suggests MYBDIV and Dof5.1 were involved in the biosynthesis of resveratrol by positively and negatively regulating the expression of RS1, respectively.