In this study, ethephon solution was sprayed on the leaves of GreenJ (Momordica charantia L.) seedlings at 3-4 leaf stage in solar greenhouse. The contents of related endogenous hormones were determined by HPLCMS/MS, and the expression of related regulatory genes was analyzed by highthroughput sequencing technology. The present studies are helpful to explore the effect of exogenous ethephon on hormone metabolism of bitter melon seedlings, obtain endogenous hormone metabolism targets of bitter melon dealing with exogenous ethylene induction, and preliminarily identify the function characteristics of related regulatory genes. These findings lay a foundation for further research on the regulation mechanism of exogenous ethylene in bitter melon crops. The results showed that: (1) the contents of 1aminocyclopropyl 1carboxylic acid (ACC) and the activity of ACC synthase (ACS) significantly increased under ethephon treatment in bitter melon seedlings. The contents of auxin (IAA) and transzeatin nucleoside (tZR) also significantly increased. The content of gibberellin (GA₃) showed marked decreased. (2) A total of 1 234 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by Hiseq sequencing. Functional enrichment analysis showed that 570 DEGs were enriched in 118 metabolic pathways. (3) All DEGs were functional annotated and a series of genes involved in endogenous hormone synthesis and signal transduction were identified, including ethylene metabolism related genes of ACS, ACO, HMT3, EIN3, ERFs; IAA metabolism related genes of ALDH, TAA1, UGT74B1, AUX/IAA, ARF; cytokinin metabolism related genes of CYP735A, CKX and AARR; GA₃ related genes of KAO1, CYP736A12like, GID1 and PIF3. (4) qRTPCR analysis showed that the expression trend of 4 selected genes was consistent with the log₂FC value of the transcriptome data. Among them, 4 genes were upregulated and the other 4 genes were downregulated.