The Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve extends south to the Luoxiao Mountains, and faces the Wuyi Mountains, Dabie Mountains and Wuling Mountains across the river on east, north and west sides, respectively. From September to December of 2020, the authors conducted several field surveys and specimen collections for bryophytes in Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve. A total of 562 specimens were collected. The specimens of bryophytes from the Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve were identified and counted. Based on the similarity coefficient and the ratio of the tropic elements to the temperate elements (R/T values), the floristic geographical characteristics was analyzed and compared with seven regions in Jiangxi. The results are as follows: (1) there are 58 families, 100 genera and 179 species of bryophytes in Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve, including 34 families, 64 genera and 113 species of mosses; 23 families, 34 genera and 64 species of liverworts; and 1 family, 2 genera and 2 species of hornworts. (2) The composition of the bryoflora in Jiulingshan is complex. The highest element is East Asia, the temperate elements are slightly higher than the tropical elements, and the area shows obvious convergence and transition in floristics characteristics. (3) The similarities between Jiulingshan and most of the seven areas are high on families and genera; Jiulingshan has the highest floristics characteristics. Jiulingshan has the highest similarity with Yangjifeng on species, and Jiulingshan has the lowest similarity with Poyang Lake Wetland on species. (4) The highest R/T value is 1.32 for Jiulianshan Nature Reserve, and the lowest R/T value is 0.50 for Poyang Lake Wetland. The R/T values of Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve and Tongboshan Nature Reserve are the closest, and in both, temperate elements are slightly higher than tropical elements showing obvious floristic transition. In conclusion, the tropical elements of bryoflora are decreasing from south to north in Jiangxi. Meanwhile, the temperate elements are increasing, and the bryoflora of the central part of Jiangxi shows obvious convergence and transition.