In this experiment, 4-year-old mature trees of " Shine Muscat " with chlorosis symptoms were used as experimental materials. the stem and leaf growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf anatomical structure, fruit quality and yield of chlorosis grapevines and normal grapevines were analyzed and compared. to explore the effects of chlorosis leaves on grapevines growth, photosynthetic index, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and fruit quality. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference basis for chlorosis correction cultivation of grapevines. The results showed that: (1) Compared with normal grapevines, the leaf chlorophyll content, leaf size, leaf weight, new shoot length and branch thickness of chlorosis grapevines decreased significantly, (2) Compared with normal grapevines, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of chlorosis grape leaves decreased significantly, while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) increased significantly. (3) The initial fluorescence (Fo), minimum fluorescence yield (Fo"), maximum fluorescence yield (Fm), relative electron transfer rate (ETR) and actual photosynthetic quantum yield Y (Ⅱ) of chlorosis grape leaves were significantly lower than those of normal grapevines. (4) The leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness and palisade-sea ratio of chlorosis grapevines were significantly higher than those of normal grapevines. the thickness of upper epidermis and sponge tissue were significantly lower than those of normal grapevines. (5) The fruit yield, ear weight, fruit size, soluble solids content and single grain weight of chlorosis grapevines were significantly lower than those of normal grapevines. It was found that when the leaves of " Shine Muscat " grape were chlorosis, the chlorophyll content decreased, the photosynthesis of leaves was inhibited, and the synthesis of dry matter of grapevines was hindered. As a result, the growth and development of grape plant and the formation of fruit quality and yield were seriously affected.