To investigate the relationship between the cell wall metabolism and the ultrastructure of the seed coat and the release of dormancy during the process of low-temperature lamination, this study was carried out to analyze the changes in cell wall components and related metabolic enzymes in different parts of the seeds during the release of dormancy by low-temperature lamination, and to observe the ultrastructure of the seed coat by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the seed coat of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum mainly consisted of three layers, namely the cuticle layer, the fenestra cell layer, and the spongy tissue layer, and during the lamination process, the spongy tissue inside the seed coat gradually loosened and swelled, and the breakage of the seed coat surface intensified; the cell wall fractions of different parts of the seeds were significantly different, and the cellulose content of the seed embryo, seed coat, and endosperm all decreased to the lowest level at the middle of the lamination process (45d and 60d). The cellulose content in the seed embryo and seed coat decreased significantly at mid-lamination (45d and 60d), while the mannanase and xylanase activities in the seed coat reached their maximum at mid-lamination. The results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that S-lignin in the endosperm and seed coat had a significant adverse effect on seed germination; peroxidase activity in the seed embryo and endosperm decreased significantly at 75 and 90 d of lamination, while S-lignin activity in the seed coat and endosperm decreased significantly at 75 and 90 d of lamination. The peroxidase activity in seed embryo and endosperm significantly reduced at 75 and 90 d of lamination, while SOD activity increased significantly. The study concluded that the gradual enzymatic degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the seeds of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, the relaxation of the cell wall under the action of reactive oxygen species, and the loosening and swelling of the spongy tissue layer and the rupture of the seed coat during the familiarization process destroyed the rigid structure of the cell wall, which led to the reduction of the mechanical binding force of the seeds, the increase of water absorption and the enhancement of the endosperm growth capacity, thus eventually leading to the release of its dormancy.