The GRAS family HAM subfamily (Scarecrow-like 6, SCL6) is a class of plant-specific transcription factors with key roles in plant growth and development. Xanthoceras sorbifolium is an important woodyenergy plant species endemic to China, and pistil abortion in its male flowers is a key cause of low yield. To resolve the regulatory role of the XsSCL6 genes in the pistil development of yellow-horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge), four XsSCL6 homologous genes were cloned by RT-PCR and subcellular localization of key XsSCL6a protein was performed. We used bioinformatics to analyze XsSCL6 genes. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression pattern of XsSCL6 genes during pistil abortion in yellow-horn. The results showed that: (1) The full length of the ORFs of XsSCL6a, XsSCL6b, XsSCL6c and XsSCL6d gene, encoding 751, 669, 717 and 717 amino acids, respectively, were obtained for the hydrophilic unstable proteins. (2) XsSCL6 protein mainly consists of irregular curls and α- Helical structure, located in the nucleus. (3) XsSCL6a, XsSCL6c and XsSCL6d all contained GRAS conserved structural domains. XsSCL6 proteins were most closely related to Clemenegro and sweet orange. (4) The promoter of XsSCL6 genes contained various phytohormone response elements and plant development-related elements. (5) The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of XsSCL6 genes was significantly higher in male flowers than in female flowers at all times, and the trend of expression was consistent with the transcriptome FPKM values. (6) Both xso-miR171 and XsSCL6 genes were targeted by cleavage mode and their TPM and FPKM values were negatively correlated. XsSCL6 genes might be regulated by xso-miR171. And they jointly participated in the pistil development of yellow-horn, which had an important role in yellow-horn flower development. This study provides a reference for future studies focusing on XsSCL6 genes functions and the mechanism of pistil abortion in X. sorbifolium and a theoretical basis for adopting molecular breeding methods to improve seed yield.