In this study, more than 300 samples of the lichen family Physciaceae collected from Guancen Mountain and Wulu Mountain in Shanxi were identified and analyzed. Lichens of Physciaceae were studied in terms of species diversity, spatial distribution characteristics, habitat types and floristic composition in conjunction with existing reports. The species composition and floristic characteristics of the lichen family Physciaceae in China were clarified. The results showed that: (1) there were 197 species and 54 varieties, belonging to 7 genera. Rinodina was the dominant genus, accounting for about 30.5% of total species. (2) Lichens of Physciaceae are mostly distributed in Xinjiang, and Physcia is the most widely distributed genus in the family. However, 26.4% of these species are distributed in only a single area. (3) The lichen habitat types of Physciaceae are diverse, including tree, stone, moss, native and multi habitat, and the multi habitat lichen is the main one (48.5%). (4) The geographical composition of the lichen family Physciaceae in China is complex. There are a variety of floristic elements, but the temperate nature (43.1%) is the most prominent, with obvious East Asian characteristics. (5) There are four genera and ten species of the lichen Family Physciaceae distributed only in China, and they are mainly distributed in northeast, northwest and southwest China.