[Objective] As an important regulator involved in protein synthesis and gene expression regulation, ribosomal protein is crucial for plant growth and development and stress response. In this study, a ribosomal protein family gene OsRPL36A was cloned from rice, and preliminary research was performed on its biological function, which provided a theoretical basis and research direction for the subsequent study of OsRPL36A gene function. [Methods] Bioinformatics techniques were used to analysis the gene structure, cis-regulatory elements and evolution process of OsRPL36A. Meanwhile, the gene expression level of OsRPL36A in different tissues, under diurnal rhythm, different hormones and abiotic stresses were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). [Results] (1) The gene OsRPL36A encoded 98 amino acids in total with a 297 bp coding region, which belonged to the ribosomal protein L36 supergene family and was named as OsRPL36A. (2) The promoter region of OsRPL36A contained 3 rhythmic expression related elements, 10 light-responsive elements, 14 hormone-responsive elements, and 27 environmental stresses response elements. (3) The expression level of OsRPL36A in leaves was relatively higher than that in other tissues and presented a typical rhythmic expression pattern; the expression level of OsRPL36A was also induced by IAA, high temperature, low temperature and osmotic stress and so on. [Conclusion] OsRPL36A was highly expressed in leaves and presented a typical rhythmic expression pattern. OsRPL36A significantly responded to IAA and might be involved in response to heat shock, low temperature, salt stress, and osmotic stress.