Abstract: [Objective] Study the leaves of Artemisia stolonifera and Artemisia argyi to provide micro morphological data for their identification. [Methods] Digital camera, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope were used to to study the characteristics of leaf veins, leaf surfaces, and powder. [Results] (1) Under strong light background, only the veins at all levels of Artemisia stolonifera leaves can be clearly observed. (2) Glandular trichomes are only distributed on the lower surface of the leaves of Artemisia argyi, and there are a large number of glandular trichomes on both the upper and lower surfaces of Artemisia argyi leaves. (3) Similar to Artemisia argyi leaves, the lower surface of Artemisia stolonifera leaves is also densely covered with T-shaped non-glandular trichomes, and there are two types of apical cells: one is a long spindle-shaped and curved apical cell, with a average length about 1450 μm (Type I); the other type of apical cell is long and thin, flat and twisted, with an average length of approximately 2800 μm (Type II), exceeding 1700 μm of Artemisia argyi leaves. (4) There are fewer calcium oxalate cluster crystal in the mesophyll tissue of Artemisia stolonifera leaves, with a maximum of only 10 μm. [Conclusion] Research found that the micromorphological characteristics of the leaf veins and the presence or absence of glandular trichomes on the upper surface of the leaves of Artemisia stolonifera and Artemisia argyi can be used for rapid identification of the two leaves.