In this study, the authors reviewed past advances in the taxonomy and phylogeny of Linderniaceae, and summarized the taxonomic changes of Linderniaceae in China. And also analyzed distribution pattern of Linderniaceae in China by collecting specimen information from the Chinese Virtual Herbarium (CVH), National Specimen Information Infrastructure (NSII), Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS), Flora of China (FOC), and China Checklist of Higher Plants. These results indicated that Linderniaceae was mainly composed of the taxa of tribe Lindernieae and Stemodieae of the traditional Scrophulariaceae and the genus Cubitanthus of the Gesneriaceae, with a total of 22 genera and more than 220 species. There were eight genera and 43 species of the Linderniaceae in China, among which 15 species were endemic. In China, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces had the most abundant species of Linderniaceae, while no species of this family were found in Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Ningxia. This study corrected the generic circumscription and geographic distribution of Linderniaceae in China, which may provide a reference for further research on the taxonomy and biodiversity of Linderniaceae.