[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the current status of algal diversity in the Yangtze River Basin, systematic sampling work was carried out in the region. [Methods] Diatom samples were subjected to light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. [Results] One new Chinese record species (Livingstonia palatkaensis Prasad & Nienow) was found in diatom samples from Jin ''e Mountain in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, this genus is also the first to be discovered in China. [Conclusion] The discovery of this new record species provides new information on the geographical distribution of this genus and enriches the biodiversity of diatoms in China.