In order to evaluate and screen muskmelon varieties with cracking resistance, we measured fruit cracking index and fruit cracking rate at mature stage of 20 Xinjiang muskmelon varieties planted in the base of Turpanya Yaer township, Center of Hami Melon, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. At the same time, in order to elucidate internal factors associated with fruit cracking, we tested some physiological characteristics of these varieties fruit, including peroxidase activity (POD), polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO), mineral element contents, cellulose and hemicellulose contents, which would provide theoretically valuable information to cultivation and genetic enhancement of muskmelon. Results showed that: (1) All muskmelon varieties tested were divided into 5 scales on the base of fruit cracking index, in which 3 varieties were classified into extremely cracking resistance scale, 5 into cracking resistance scale, 5 into easier cracking scale, 4 into easy cracking scale and 3 into extremely easy cracking scale. (2) Peel water content was significantly higher in varieties classified into extremely easy cracking (EEC) scale than in extremely cracking resistance (ECR) and easier cracking (EC) scale, while the heart sugar was significantly lower than that in ECR and EC scale; four mineral elements contents, Ca, Na, Mg, and Fe were higher in fruit peel than that in fruit flesh significantly. PPO activity was significantly higher in varieties classified into EC scale than EEC scale, POD activity was significantly higher in varieties classified into EEC scale than that in ECR and EC scale; cellulose and hemicellulose contents were significantly higher in varieties classified into ECR scale than that in EEC scale. (3) Fruit cracking resistance showed significantly positive correlation with the contents of heart sugar, cellulose, and hemicellulose, and negative correlation with the contents of peel water, flesh water, and K, as well as POD activation, respectively. (4) In the principal component analysis, there were 13 main factors for fruit cracking in melons: Cracking rate, cracking index, peel water content, flesh water content, heart sugar, edge sugar, K, Ca, Mg and Na in the peel, Na and Cu in the flesh, and cellulose. These results suggested that 3 muskmelon varieties, Huangmengcui, K1028, and Xizhoumi 17 were screened as extremely cracking resistance. Fruit cracking rate, cracking index, heart sugar, peel water content, flesh water content, cellulose and element K content were important indicators in melon cracking studies.