[Objective]The study aims to explore the effects of 3 kinds of exogenous hormone on the flowering and branch physiological characteristics of Paeonia rockii and to provide theoretical basis for the chemical regulation of flowering traits of P. rockii [Methods] "Xiangyabai" form Guantangou P. rockii Cultivation Base in Yuzhong Country, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province as the material, three spraying concentrations (100, 300 and 500 mg/L) and three kinds of hormones (IAA, GA3 and 6-BA) were sprayed on the leaves before flower bud differentiation, and water was used as the control. The changes of physiological indexes such as flowering at full-bloom stage, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substance content of branches were investigated. [Results]Compared with the CK, the three exogenous hormones could increase the number of flowers and the rate of double-petal flowers in different degrees, and the effect of 500 mg/L 6-BA treatment was the best, and the SOD activity, POD activity and Pro content of single-petal branches and double-petal branches were also the highest. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT in the branches of P. rockii were positively correlated with the number of flowers and the rate of double-petal flowers, which played an important role in the flowering process, and SOD was more prominent. The number of flowers, the rate of double-petal flowers and the physiological indexs of branches were the best under the treatment of 500 mg/L 6-BA, 500 mg/L GA3 and 300 mg/L GA3 respectively. [Conclusion] The three hormones all directly or indirectly promoted the increase of flowering number and stamen petaling degree of P. rockii through the physiological indexs of branches, but the degree of promotion was different. Among them, the increase of the number of flowers and the rate of double-petal flowers were the highest under the treatment of 500 mg/L 6-BA.