2001, 21(2).
Abstract:钾是植物生长发育所必需的大量元素 ,是与氮、磷并列的植物营养的“三大要素”之一。不同植物种类或同种类植物的不同品种之间钾营养效率的差异非常显著 ,这为植物钾营养性状的遗传改良提供了科学依据。
ZHANG Jian hua , JIA Wen suo , KANG Shao zhong
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:根系分区灌溉是指仅仅部分根系受到正常的灌溉,其余根系则受到人为的干旱,两项理论根据指出这种措施可减少植物的水分肖耗,并保持一定的生物产量,其一是植物蒸腾失水与气孔导性是线性关系,而光合作用与气孔导性则是一种渐趋饱和的关系,如果气孔导性从最大值适应调低,可显著降低蒸腾,但对光合影响应小得多,其二是处于干燥土壤中的根系可感觉干旱,产生干旱信号来调节地上部分的气孔开度,显然,这项措施在田间有多大效用值得深入研究。 先是大田作物的蒸腾失水仅部分地受气孔控制,界面层的扩散阻力起很大作用。因此该措施可能对界面层阻力较小的,如果树等作用大些,另外,根系干旱信号可否“长期”地产生和调控气孔仍需试验证明。
LIU Xiao lan , LI Shi qing , WANG Jun , SONG Qiu hua
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:The results of plastic film mulching experiments for spring wheat carried out in the semi arid areas on the loess plateau show that plastic film mulching can play a very important role in the aspect of increasing water and nutrient utilization efficiency
RUAN Cheng jiang , LI Dai qiong
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:为依据工业需要,定向地引种,培育沙棘优良品种,在整理分析国内外重要资料的基础上,对沙棘含油量及影响因子研究进行了综述。各地试验结果表明:(1)从15个产地10个沙棘品种研究看出,中国沙棘亚种种子及果肉含油量均较高(10.37%,8.44%),且该亚种分布广,适应性强,可作为引种,培养的优质种源,但在环境适宜的地区,可选用俄罗斯培育的沙棘新品种,如布里亚特(果实含油量达11.67-36.4%);(2)不同产地,不同品种沙棘含油量差异较大;沙棘果在一定的海拔高度下含油量较高,。[过高或过低的海拔 会影响其含油量;温度对沙棘含油量影响不明显,但在同一地区,随着平均气温的降低,沙棘种子含油量呈缓慢下降趋势,果色对果汁,果渣,种子出油率的影响比较中,以果汁最明显,而果渣和种子所受影响不大;立地条件对沙棘含油量有明显影响,水肥条件较好的河滩地有利于油的积累,且种子油积累以阳坡和梁顶坡比阴坡,河滩好;(3)采果时间对沙棘含油量有较大影响。在实际生产中可通过利用化学诱变剂来增加沙棘果油含量,以赤霉素加γ射线处理效果最好;在实际 生产中可通过利用化学诱变剂来增加沙棘果油含量,以赤霉素加γ射线处理效果最好,另外加强水,肥管理也可提高沙棘的含油量,为引种,培育沙棘优良品种,生产实践中采取对有效措施以提高沙棘含油量,为工业生产选择合适的加工原料提供了科学依据,对建立优质沙棘种植园,高效,持续发展沙棘产业具有重要意义。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:This paper gives an introduction to research in recent ten years on reduction of active oxygen and free radicals and their harm to plants .There is also an introduction on how plants eliminate active oxygen and free radicals.
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:钾是植物生长发育所必需的大量元素,是与氮、磷并列的植物营养的“三大要素”之一。不同植物种类或同种类植物的不同品种之间钾营养效率的差异非常显著,这为植物钾营养性状的遗传改良提供了科学依据
Yin Mingan , Cui Hongwen , Fan Daiming , Guo Li
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:以宁夏吴忠胡萝卜、陕西华县胡萝卜、陕西汉中胡萝卜3个地方品种为材料,用PCR方法克隆了中国胡萝卜var\%sativus\%HoffmDeutschl的抗冻蛋白基因\%afp\%,测定了宁夏吴忠胡萝卜\%afp\%的核苷酸序列,和英国胡萝卜var\%autumn\%King\%afp\%序列对比,在所测1004个核苷酸中,有35个碱基不同,其中无义突变20个,有义突变15个。按有义突变计,同源性为\{98.5%\}
LI Shan , WANG Ma li , ZHAO Gui fang
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:The content of phenolic compound,polysaccharides and other secondary metabolites is high in ligneous plant,which influences frequently the yield and quality of genome DNA when being extracted.In this study,a new method was introduced which do best for cha
LIU Guang guan , TU Xiao ning , NI Wen jin
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:应用标准地 -标准木 -分层切割法和破坏性取样化学分析法 ,在林分器官、个体、群体和系统 4个水平上测定了秦岭锐齿栎林的生物量、营养含量和积累量。结果显示 :光合器官N、P、K和 Mg含量季节变化是从展叶到落叶逐渐下降 ,Ca则相反。枝内 N、P、K含量随枝径增加明显下降 ,Ca、Mg含量变化有所不同。树干木质部和树皮 N、P、K、Ca和 Mg含量与树干圆盘高度呈显著的正相关或正相关。根系 N、P、K、Ca和 Mg含量随根径的增加呈显著的降低趋势。 69年生锐齿栎林木生物量为 1 2 35.782 kg,营养积累量为 1 4.498kg,林木不同器官的生物量、营养含量和积累量存在较大的差异 ;叶和皮在林分营养积累和分配中具有重要意义。2 6年生锐齿栎林生态系统生物量为 1 95.7998t· hm- 2 ,营养总贮量达 390 .1 739t· hm- 2 (包括 0~ 60 cm土壤 ) ,土层占总量的 99.39% ,各层次营养积累量排序为 :土壤层 乔木层 枯枝落叶层 >灌木层 >草本层。 2 6年生锐齿栎林营养年吸收量、存留量和归还量分别为 334、374、1 38.870和 1 95.50 2 kg· hm- 2 ,且各元素的循环情况各不相同 ;林分平均归还率为0 .585,各元素的归还率不同 ,林分吸收的营养元素多一半归还予林地。
PAN Xiao ling , ZHANG Yuan dong , CHU Yu , WEI Ru yi
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:In this paper,33 plant community samples collected from Tarim basin,Xinjiang were multivariately analyzed by the detrained correspondence analysis (DCA)and the two way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN).The quantitative environmental interpretation of
YANG Jin ling , ZHAO De xiu , GUI Yao lin , GUO Zhong chen
2001, 21(2)-256,T001.
Abstract:水母雪莲(Saussurea medusa Maxim.)茎和叶片的切段接种于MS+2mg/L NAA 0.5mmg/L 6-BA的培养基上,20d后产生黄褐色的愈伤组织,经过几个月的继代培养,愈伤组织仍保持旺盛的增殖能力,但部分由黄褐色逐渐变为红色,将红色愈伤组织转到MS+0.1mg/L NAA+0.2mg/L 6-BA 5mg/L GA3的培养基上,30d后可分化出大量的体细胞胚,体细胞胚成熟后转到1/2MS+0.2mg/L IAA 0.5%活性炭的培养基上,30d后可长出2-4cm的根,带根的小苗经锻炼后移栽到土壤中,成活率达76%,细胞组织学观察表明,发育成熟的体细胞胚具有胚根,胚轴和胚芽的完整结构,具有独立的维管系统。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:在改良的B5培养基中加入不同浓度的聚乙二醇对东北红豆杉培养细胞进行摇瓶培养,通过不同时期取样并测定细胞鲜,干重及用HPLC测定紫杉醇的含量,发现聚乙二醇对东北红豆杉培养细胞的生长及紫杉醇生产均有明显的促进作用,聚乙二醇为10g/L时,对细胞生长最为有利,细胞培养16d可达到最大生物量,其平均鲜重为28.73g/瓶,增重3.8倍,平均干重为2.14g/瓶,增重3.1倍,聚乙二醇为20g/L,对紫杉醇的生产最有利;细胞培养25d时,培养基中紫杉醇的含量达到最高水平,其含量为2350ug/L,是不加聚乙二醇的11倍。
LI Shi weng , FAN Xiao feng , LU Dong ping
2001, 21(2)-266,T002.
Abstract:Shoots and axillary buds were induced \%in vitro\% from stem apexes and stem segments of fine variety of Hippophae rhamnoides L.on MS and 1/2MS basic medium supplemented with different concentration of IAA,IBA,BA and NAA.When the regenerated buds obta
2001, 21(2)-272,T003,T004.
Abstract:The sterile plants and meristem of germinated dormancy buds of Hippophae rhamnoides L.were taken as explants cultured \%in vitro\% to induce the plant regeneration.The basic culture medium is 1/4 MS medium.The results showed that the shoot differentia
2001, 21(2)-277,T005,T006.
Abstract:A study of activity and ultrastructure on the epidermis in the pollen development was made using ultracytochemical localization and transmission electron microscopy techniques.During mononuclear pollen stage,there were a number of ribosomes,rough ER,Golgi
SHEN Zong gen , LI Jing yuan , Yitzchak GUTTERMAN , HU Zheng hai
2001, 21(2)-286,T001.
Abstract:Comparative anatomical studies on leaves in 9 species of Aloe show that their leaves have the characteristics of xerophytes obviously.The big well-developed parenchymatous cells in the T phloem pole is the common characteristic of the leaves in this
2001, 21(2)-292,T008,T009.
Abstract:It was provide by semi thin sections and histochemistry that there are secretory cavity and nodule in Hypericum perforatum .The two types secretory structures exist in lamina,calyx and petal.The secretory cavity exists in carp too,and nodule exists in
YANG Ruo lin , LIU Jian yun , LU Xin , WANG Xin yu
2001, 21(2)-296,T010,T011.
Abstract:A comparision in aspect of micro and ultrastructures was made between normal and powdery mildew infected wheat leaf cells in the present work.The following abnormalities in the infected plants were found:1) clusters of electron dense particles accumu
MU Xiao qian\+ , ZHAO Yu\+ , DING Xiu li\+ , AN De rong\+ , CAO Cui lan\+
2001, 21(2)-300,T012.
Abstract:不同浓度梯度的双酯灵(简称WD),在不同时间处理下的洋葱根尖细胞形态研究结果表明,双酯灵使洋葱根尖分生区细胞有丝分裂指数下降,其对有丝分裂的抑制表现为,低浓度短时间内,有丝分裂前,中后,末4个时期状态都存在,而高浓度长时间处理下,有丝分裂停滞,积累于间期或早前期,双酯灵对洋葱 根尖细胞形态的影响还表现在:胁状分生组织分层结构不清,细胞核缩小,分生区与根冠界线不清,根冠细胞从内向外受加重,呈现的南壁分离,原生质消失等死亡症状,上述结果初步探明了双酯灵的除草机理。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:通过半薄及超薄切片,比较了正常和受白粉菌感染的小麦叶片细胞的显微及超微结构的差异。观察结果发现(1)受感染小麦叶肉细胞的细胞壁上局部沉积大量团状电子致密颗粒;(2)叶绿体形状由原来的椭圆形转变成圆形,叶绿体膜破裂,类囊体膨大,基粒片层排列疏松,同时,叶绿体内嗜锇性颗粒数量增加;(3)线粒体膜解体,内含物分散到了细胞质中
WANG Xiu ling , GAO Xin qi , ZHANG Heng yue
2001, 21(2)-305,T013,T014.
Abstract:The development of endosperm haustorium in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) was observed,and the ultracytochemical localization of ATPase activity was carried out in the endosperm haustorium cells.At the early globular embryo,the chalazal portion of the
WANG Wei , LIU Zong yu , JIANG Wu sheng , LIU Dong hua , HOU Wen qiang
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:研究不同浓度(10^-6-10^-4mol/L)硫酸铜(CuSO4,5H2O)溶液对大蒜(Allium satiuwn L.)根,叶和蒜瓣生影响及其这些器官对Cu^2 的积累能力,研究结果指出:在106-5-10^-4mol/L,Cu的处理下,Cu严重影响大蒜根和叶生长,大蒜具有较强吸收和积累Cu^2 的能力,随着Cu^2 处理浓度的增加,大蒜根中的Cu^2 含量递增,大蒜经10^-4mol/L,Cu处理,根部积累了大量的Cu,其含量是对照的52倍,在10^-5和10^-6mol/L Cu处理中,根中Cu的含量分别是对照的13倍和1.4倍,Cu主要积累在极中(10^-5-10^-4mol/L Cu处理),只有少量的转移到叶子和蒜瓣中。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:研究不同浓度(10
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:研究大田栽培和自然光条件下,模拟UV-B辐射(UV-B,280-315nm)增强对麦田生态系统K营养和累积的影响,UV-B辐射显著影响春小麦不同生育期各部位K含量和群体K累积,并显著降低群体K总累积,在5.31kJ.m^-2UV-B辐射下,春小麦群体K总累积的降低最显著,UV-B辐射降低春小麦群体K输出,标志着麦田生态系统K产投比降低,K循环功能下降,麦田土壤速效K含量增加是春小麦群体K输出降低的结果,并将导致土壤库中K储量的增加。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:在 1 0℃± 1℃的条件下 ,研究了低乙烯减压处理对火柿采后乙烯生物合成的影响。结果表明 ,低乙烯减压处理使火柿 ACC含量降低 ,EFE活性减弱 ,从而显著抑制了乙烯的产生 ,延迟了乙烯峰出现的时间。该处理能显著延缓火柿硬度的下降。
WANG Xiao yun , MA Chi zhu , LI Xiang dong
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:By spraying different concentrations paclobutrazol on the intact peanut leaves of middle stage in the field,the changes of polyamines and some physiological indexes were studied.It showed that paclobutrazol decreased the polyamines in young leaves,but inc
GUAN Yan an , Li Xiao yun , LI Qun , LI Jian he
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:中秆大穗型和矮秆紧凑型2种不同类型的夏谷群体呼吸速率在整个生育时期的变化呈单峰曲线,且随密度的增大而提高,抽穗开花期达最大值,紧凑型品种后期呼吸速率高于中秆大穗型品种,后期呼吸消耗大是低产的重要原因,群体呼吸日变化为一随温度而变化的单峰曲线,群体呼吸速率在冠层中的分布,依此是上3叶>茎鞘>中3叶>穗>下部叶,群体呼吸/光合的比值,两品种相近,在47%左右。
ZHANG Shu xiang , HONG Fa shui
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:This paper studied that the downy mildew infected ordinary wild vagetables,shepherdspurse and puslane.Growing case of purslane varied less than that of shepherdspurse when infected with the downy mildew.Because activies of polyphono loxdase,SOD,catalas
CHENG Jian hong , TAN Dun yan , Alken , LI Wei , LI Wen sheng , LI Jiang , Mamti
2001, 21(2)-344,T015,T016.
Abstract:Flowering phenology and some related characteristics,morphology of flowers and pollens of 4 almond cultivars in Karshi Prefacture were studied and the following conclusions were drawn:The blooming period of the cultivars started at late March or early Apr
LIU Hong wei , ZHANG Gai sheng , WANG Jun wei , WANG Xiao li
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:用2个偏型不育系ms(ven)-149和ms(ven)-6901为供试材料,结合在近年来利用CMS和CHA法进行杂种小麦研究和应用中,有关亲本繁殖及杂交种制种技术的研究和实践,对杂种小麦繁制种技术进行分析研究,试验表明,用作杂种小麦制种的母本柱头生活力约持续15d左右,CMS母本较CHA母本柱头生活力持持续时间长,在进行花期调节时,CMS母本可比父枰早2-6d,CHA母本可比父本早2-4d,最佳父母本行比以1:2较为适宜,基本播幅为1.6m,在花期相遇不好的情况下,人工辅助授粉可明显提高异交结实率,为了保证繁制种质量,安全隔离和彻底去杂是杂交种繁制的重要措施。
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:In the present work the micromorphological character of achene epidermis were studied with forty two species and one variety belonging to eighteen series and four sections of China Fimbristylis .The results had showed that surface features including t
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:China has Halophytes 425 species belonging to 200 genera and 66 families.The paper stats and analyses its components,and floristic elements for the first time.Halophytic flora of China can be thought to have very consanguineous relation with tropical flor
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:The investigation and analysis of natural grassland in North Shaanxi were conducted throughout the species composition,region distribution and community productive forces.The grassland resources were distributed six types:dry grasslands grassland,grassy m
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:The micro morphological characteristics of the seeds of 6 species of Hemerocallis were studied by SEM.The resultes show that the seeds micro morphological characteristics have taxonomic significance at species level.
2001, 21(2)-386,T020.
Abstract:通过对葡萄浆果冰冻切片各操作环节技术参数进行了较为详细的研究后,建立了葡萄浆果冰冻切片操作程序,采果→浆果置于超低温冰箱中(-30度)预冻(8h以上)→冻果修整→把冻果固定到切片机冰冻台面上→速冻(-35度,10-20s)→恒温切片(-20,30S内完成)→封片→观察,切片厚度以25-30um为宜,无水丙三醇作封片剂有利于浆果色素细胞观察研究。
LI Meng lou , GUO Xin rong , XIE En kui , ZHUANG Shi hong
2001, 21(2).
Abstract:花椒种籽油的含蜡量测定与脱蜡是长期困扰花椒种籽油处理的一项关键技术,本研究通过分析混合压榨制备的花椒种籽油,花椒籽种壳油及种仁油的含蜡量,研究了5种脱蜡方法脱除花椒籽油中蜡质的脱蜡效果,确定了脱除花椒籽油中蜡质的有效方法,研究结果表明,花椒籽油的含蜡量在15-20%,左右,而这些蜡质基本上都含在种壳油内一即种壳上,种仁油基本不含蜡质,脱除花椒籽油中蜡质的合理方法应是:(1)含蜡量相对较低的精制粗油可选用表面活性剂法脱蜡;(2)当含蜡量相对较高时,为降低脱蜡过程中油的耗损率可选用分步脱蜡法脱蜡;(3)需进行碱炼的油,可在碱炼过程中将蜡质与游离脂肪酸一半除去。







