Abstract:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(M APK)是生物体内信号转导的重要组分,与生长、发育和逆境胁迫反应密切相关.为了研究草坪草对非生物逆境胁迫反应的分子机理,利用同源基因克隆法从4℃低温诱导的草坪草高羊茅(F estu-ca arund inacea Schreb.)幼苗cDNA文库中分离得到一个M APK的cDNA即F aMAPK 1,F aMAPK 1编码369个氨基酸残基的蛋白激酶,该蛋白激酶具有TEY的磷酸化基序.据推测的氨基酸序列的BLA ST同源性分析表明,F aM APK 1蛋白与水稻O sM APK 4蛋白的一致性为91.1%.N orthern杂交检测F aMAPK 1基因对逆境胁迫反应的结果表明冷(4℃)处理对根中F aMAPK 1基因的表达没有明显影响,但诱导叶中F aMAPK 1上调表达.而且低温(4℃)、高盐(250 mm o l/L N aC l)、干旱和100μm o l/L ABA都诱导叶中F aMAPK 1上调表达,表明F aM APK 1蛋白可能在高羊茅对非生物逆境胁迫的反应中起重要作用.

Abstract:以8个大白菜亲本材料无菌苗为实验材料,从近生长点处切下无菌苗子叶,在MS＋1 mg/L 2,4-D培养基上预培养48 h,以携带豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制基因（该基因可赋予大白菜抗菜青虫和小菜蛾等昆虫的抗性,Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor gene,CpTI）的质粒pBinΩSCK为载体,通过OD600值约0.3～0.4的根癌农杆菌LBA4404侵染3min,在MS＋2 mg/L BA＋0.5 mg/L NAA＋5 mg/L硝酸银＋2%蔗糖＋8 g/L琼脂培养基上共培养48 h,将其转到含有卡那霉素和头孢霉素的筛选培养基中,约4周出现大量转化体,经分子杂交检测,证明了豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因整合到了大白菜基因组中,室内和田间的抗虫试验也表明,豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因赋予了转基因大白菜较强的抗虫能力.本研究还对影响农杆菌遗传转化效率及植株再生的各种因素进行了优化.

Abstract:通过对小麦品种‘百农64’ב京双16’F3家系群体的SSR和AFLP分析,构建了含100个SSR标记(91个引物)和58个AFLP标记(12个引物)的小麦遗传连锁图,158个标记组成20个连锁群,覆盖小麦基因组3 114cM,标记间平均间距为19.7 cM.将前人未定位的12个SSR标记定位到了小麦遗传连锁图谱上.为小麦慢白粉病性等农艺性状的QTL分析打下了良好基础.

Abstract:Two new types of male sterility wheat lines carrying Ae.bicornis cytoplasm,ms(Ae.bicor)-V9125 and ms(Ae.bicor)-M853,were obtained by the backcrossing and substitution of ms(Ae.bicor)-5-1,a 1BL/1RS male sterility wheat line carrying Ae.bicornis cytoplasm.C

Abstract:以萝芙木叶片为材料,应用RT-PCR方法首次克隆了萝芙木萜类吲哚生物碱(terpeno id indo le a lka lo ids,T IA s)生物合成途径中重要的限速酶——异胡豆苷合成酶(strictos id ine syn thase,STR)基因(G enB ank登录号DQ 0170054)并进行了生物信息学分析,以pCAM B IA 1304为基本载体构建其植物高效表达载体pCAM B IA 1304 -R vSTR.生物信息学分析表明,该基因的编码区长度为1 035 bp,编码344个氨基酸的多肽,其理论分子量为38.2kD,等电点为5.2,N-端有一长度为27个氨基酸的信号肽;二级结构预测表明,延伸链和不规则盘绕是R vSTR蛋白最大量的结构元件,而α-螺旋和β-转角则散布于整个蛋白质中.同源性分析表明,R vSTR和其它植物来源的STR同源;采用M EGA 3构建了具代表性的植物STR的分子系统发育树,首次提出植物来源的STR分为2种类型,即STR 1和STR 2,其中来源于能够产生T IA s的植物的STR属于STR 2类型.

Abstract:Forty seven representative species were selected from all the nine sections of Chinese Allium on the basis of the classification of morphology and cytotaxonomy.The trnK gene fragments of chloroplast DNA were amplified from 47 species by PCR method.The trn

Abstract:Genetic differences of 12 Eulaliopsis binata populations were examined by RAPD and morphological observation.124 bands were obtained with 16 ologonucleotide primers,of which,110 were polymorphic accounting 88.7%.Thd Shannon diversity index(I) was 0.359 0,

Abstract:利用形态学、细胞学以及SSR标记技术对从硬簇麦和Am 3的杂种后代中选育的种质系‘山农030713’进行了鉴定,结果表明:种质系‘山农030713’大田生长整齐一致,农艺性状较好,且对白粉病免疫;其根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ(PM C MⅠ)染色体构型为2n=21Ⅱ;它与普通小麦的杂种F1PM C MⅠ多数细胞中形成21个二价体,且常有四价体出现,可能伴有染色体的结构变异;SSR分析证明‘山农030713’基本染色体组成为AABBDD,引物X gwm 99-1A在‘山农030713’中扩增出簇毛麦的特异带,表明‘山农030713’中有来自于簇毛麦的遗传物质,此特异带可作为识别‘山农030713’的SSR标记.综合形态学、细胞学和SSR分析结果推测,‘山农030713’可能是一个小麦-簇毛麦易位系.

Abstract:AFLP was adopted to study 55 germplasm materials,656 bands were detected with 20 pairs of AFLP primers and 487 of them were polymorphic.On average each primer combination could be used to detect 24.4 polymorphic bands.The 55 materials were clustered into

Abstract:DNA genome of the Lilium hybrid Sorbonne was used as the template to conduct PCR amplification and a target fragment in the amplification was cloned to vector pGEM-T easy and then sequenced.The results indicated that the whole length of the fragment was 1

Abstract:The study induced F_1 young spikes between Leymus chinensis and L.cinereus to produce callus and then sub-cultured it on the medium of MS 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D.Next,it was transferred to MS medium with combined different combined hormone concentrations(2,4-D,IAA

Abstract:The study established a system of rapid Zizyphus jujuba micro-propagation and explored the factors affecting the direct in vitro regeneration with adventitious buds of Z.jujuba leaves.The result indicted that TDZ more effectively induced the leaves to pro

Abstract:The pollens of seven species belonging to Apios and Cochlianthus were observed by scanning electron microscopy and the results showed that the two genera have tricolporate pollens whose shape are triangular or global.The pollens of Apios can be divided in

Abstract:The reproductive ways of the monosomic addition line M14(Beta vulgaris L.,VV 1C,2n=18 1) of sugarbeet were examined in cytology and embryology by conventional method.The results were as follows:(1) the examination of the four generations of M14 revealed t

Abstract:This study microscopically examined the microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development,as well as their correlations at their different stages with flower in Thellungiella halophila.It revealed that T.halophila has tetradynamous stamen each of which h

Abstract:采用染色体制片及爱氏苏木精染色-冬青油透明技术对青花菜花粉母细胞减数分裂及雄配子体发育过程进行了细胞学研究.结果表明:花粉母细胞减数分裂的细胞质分裂为同时型,四分体为正四面体型或十字交叉型;中期Ⅰ和中期Ⅱ,少数细胞可见赤道板外染色体;后期Ⅰ和后期Ⅱ部分细胞出现染色体桥及落后染色体;四分体时期可观察到二分体、三分体及含微核的异常四分体.雄配子体发育过程包括2次有丝分裂,成熟花粉为3细胞型,具3个萌发孔.减数分裂过程中染色体行为异常的花粉母细胞约占10.28%;雄配子体发育过程中异常频率约为3.2%,败育主要发生在单核期.

Abstract:Cotton was pot planted under three soil textures and at three evaporativities.Its root lengths,total leaf area were measured on the fiftieth and ninetieth days after planting and thermal pulse probe and HR-33-TR Dew Point Micro-voltmeter were employed to

Abstract:比较研究了两年生胡杨和灰叶胡杨叶片的光合及叶绿素荧光特性.结果表明:胡杨和灰叶胡杨均表现出净光合速率(Pn)日变化呈单峰曲线,只是在12:00时胡杨的Pn略微降低;气孔导度日变化均呈单峰型曲线;胞间CO2浓度日变化呈近“V”字型曲线.相同的试验条件下,胡杨的净光合速率、气孔导度高于灰叶胡杨,净光合速率与气孔导度峰值出现在上午10:00时;胡杨胞间CO2浓度低于灰叶胡杨,胞间CO2浓度最低值均出现在中午14:00时.经充分暗适应后的叶片叶绿素荧光参数初始荧光、PSⅡ原初光能转换效率和PSⅡ潜在活性均为胡杨显著大于灰叶胡杨.以太阳光为光化学光,测定的叶绿素荧光参数日变化显示,胡杨PSⅡ实际的光化学反应量子效率、非循环电子传递速率、光化学猝灭系数均大于灰叶胡杨,而非光化学猝灭系数却较灰叶胡杨小.胡杨与灰叶胡杨在光合与叶绿素荧光特性上的差异,是胡杨更能适应干旱荒漠区高光、高温与低相对空气湿度环境,从而表现出高净光合速率的部分生理学原因之一.

Abstract:The measurements of photosynthetic and transpiration characteristics of Houttuynia cordata under natural conditions showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate(Tr) both varied in a single-peak curve whose peak appeared at 13:00.Cor

Abstract:The effects of Alternaria zinniae phytotoxins isolated from Xanthium occidentale plants on the tissue permeability,MDA content,photosynthetic capacity,POD,APX and CAT activities of Solidago canadensis leaves were studied by the analytical techniques in re

Abstract:以小麦纹枯病原菌为指示菌种,采用活性跟踪法,从小花假泽兰(M ikan ia m icrantha H.B.K.)茎叶中分离出1种对黄瓜霜霉、黄瓜炭疽、小麦赤霉和玉米大斑4种病原菌孢子萌发具有较好抑制作用的物质,在供试浓度为0.50 m g.mL-1时,对黄瓜炭疽、小麦赤霉、玉米大斑3种病原菌孢子萌发抑制率均在70%以上.生长速率法测定其对番茄灰霉病原菌的EC50为0.039 m g.mL-1,组织法测定结果表明该化合物对番茄灰霉病有较好的防效,在供试浓度为2 000 m g.k-g 1时,治疗作用和保护作用防效分别达到了68.6%和48.7%,高于或相当于对照药剂速克灵的防效.经熔点测定、IR、M S1、HNM R1、3CNM R分析,鉴定该化合物为豆甾醇,其为首次从小花假泽兰茎叶中分离得到.

Abstract:Three Pinus tabulaeformis populations with tending,inter-felling and closed tending separately practiced were investigated to study the effects of these three forest practices on the age structures,static life tables,survival curves and species diversitie

Abstract:Based on the established data banks of seed plants,the paper explores the differentiation patterns of wild resource plants in species abundance,resource structure and trait with elevation in Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve.The results show that(1) th

Abstract:Growth characteristics of Potentilla anserina clones grazed at different intensities in 17 years were yield investigated in the Position Station of Alpine and Cold Meadow Ecosystems in Northern Qinghai and statistically analyzed.The results showed that af

Abstract:Ecosystem conversion affects the dynamic change and cycle of soil organic carbon and environmental quality.The study examined the total contents of soil organic carbon and the content of soil active organic carbon and stable organic carbon in farmland,gra

Abstract:The species diversity and its relations of forest communities to the environment in southern Taihang Mountains were analyzed in terms of diversity index,abundance index and evenness index and the results revealed that(1) the species-diveristy indexes of t

Abstract:对锦鸡儿属植物根尖染色体制片中的几种预处理、解离、染色方法进行了比较.结果表明,用0.002 m o l/L8-羟基喹啉和饱和对二氯苯混和液(1∶1)预处理,1 m o l/L HC l预热60℃解离,改良苯酚品红染色效果较好.对锦鸡儿属植物3个种的体细胞中期染色体制片,核型分析结果表明,小叶锦鸡儿(C arag ana m icrophy lla)为2n=2x=16=8m(2SAT) 4sm 4M,中间锦鸡儿(C.interm ed ia)为2n=2x=16=6m 8sm 2M,青海锦鸡儿(C.ch ing-ha iensis)为2n=2x=16=4m 8sm 4M 2B,核型不对称性为“2A”型.此外,还发现这3种植物的根尖细胞中均有内源有丝分裂现象.

Abstract:In wheat and cotton inter-cropping the effects of soil moisture during the co-growing period on flagleaf specific weight,WUE and yield of winter wheat was examined and the dry matter declining rate,chlorophyll content and contribution rate of the flagleav

Abstract:在对上海市18个样点的树附生苔藓植物种类与盖度样方调查基础上,报道了43种树附生苔藓植物,其中藓类39种,苔类4种.根据盖度值应用双向指示种分析法(TW IN SPAN)和除趋势对应分析(DCA)对其分布格局进行了分析.结果表明,上海市树附生苔藓植物可聚类为4个样点组:样点组Ⅰ为7个样点,6个位于市中心,共有树附生苔藓16种,总盖度为12.43%;样点组Ⅱ为市郊样地年龄较年轻的4个样点,共有树附生苔藓11种,总盖度最小为8.47%;样点组Ⅲ为市郊6个样点,共有树附生苔藓33种,总盖度为25.82%;样点组Ⅳ为佘山自然保护区一处,共有树附生苔藓10种,总盖度为26.42%.结果反映了城市树附生苔藓植物分布与不同生境、环境污染及人为干扰有一定的相关性.

Abstract:Apoptosis plays an important role in the development and defense mechanisms of plants.Plant apoptosis presents such characteristics as chromatin pycnosis and marginalization,DNA fragmentation,nucleus disintegration,plasmalemma buding and cellwall modifica

Abstract:In the genomic studies of plants,insertional mutagenesis has become a quick tool to identify and study tagged genes.The paper introduces the conceptions and application preconditions of T-DNA tagging,discusses in details the large-scale application in fun

Abstract:本文综述了植物中的S i及其吸收、运输和沉积的研究进展:(1)植物含S i量因植物种、品种甚至无性系与器官的不同而有较大差异,S i在细胞中呈现区隔化分配;(2)植物中沉积的S i主要是非晶态的S iO2.nH2O(又称硅胶、植物蛋白石、植硅石等),是有机物质矿质化的产物,不同植物所形成的S i化结构及其形态不同,可用于植物分类、鉴定及古气候与环境变化的研究;(3)硅藻和高等植物主要吸收S i(OH)4,高等植物中存在S i主动吸收机制;(4)有机大分子物质(包括多胺、碳水化合物、纤维素)作为有机衬质参与了植物的S i沉积过程;(5)突变体的鉴定和应用,对S i营养研究具有重要作用.

Abstract:The research about water-uptake models by plant roots is the most active frontier of the model construction in ecological hydrology land-surface process as well as the most crucial part in studying the hydrology,ecology,environment and sustainable water r