Abstract:Light microscope was employed to observe spore germination,protonemal development,gametophyte differentiation of Ptychomitrium sinense indoor cultured.The results showed that in P.sinense,the spores germinate inside their exospores and then divide into ma

Abstract:分别于2003和2004年8月在北京地区观察了户外种植的克鲁兹王莲(Victoria cruziana)花的生物学.结果显示:(1)克鲁兹王莲的花在连续2 d内开放和关闭,第1天花开放的时间为19:20;第2天于12:00~13:00完成关闭过程,第2天15:00~16:00花第2次开放,第3天早晨花关闭后沉入水下.(2)开花第1天晚上花内温度高出环境温度最高达11°C,开花的第2天以后,花内温度与水表面温度相近.(3)克鲁兹王莲的花第1次和第2次开放以及关闭过程中花器官呈现有规律的运动,第1天晚上花的开放过程可划分为4个时期,花的第1次关闭与第1次开放过程中花器官的运动不是简单的相反过程,第2次开放与第1次开放的过程也不相同.(4)首次描述了拟雄蕊、雄蕊以及伴生心皮(paracarpels)在开花和关闭过程中的活动规律;开花第1天晚上的柱头是湿润的,但并不像睡莲属(Nymphaea)植物那样积累1池粘液.(5)在北京地区,克鲁兹王莲自花受精能够产生种子.研究结果认为王莲属植物的花具有很多高度特化的特征以适应昆虫传粉.

Abstract:Flower development of Salvia plebeia R.Br.(Labiatae)was observed by stereomicroscope and accordingly observed by scanning electron microscope.It was found that the ostryx of S.plebeia is composed of opposite-grown ostryx units and its development take its

Abstract:Pollen morphologies of 14 species of ten genera in Sisymbrieae(Brassicaceae) in China were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.It was shown that the pollens of the tribe could be divided into four groups,(1)3-colpate perprolate p

Abstract:通过定株观察、解剖和人工套袋交叉授粉试验对连翘花的生长发育和繁殖系统进行研究.结果表明:(1)连翘具有2种避免自交的方式,雌雄异位和雌雄异熟.其雌雄异位表现为长雄蕊短雌蕊花型和短雄蕊长雌蕊花型;雌雄异熟表现为长雄蕊短雌蕊花型为雄蕊先于雌蕊成熟,短雄蕊长雌蕊花型表现为雌蕊先于雄蕊成熟.(2)连翘花P/O值测定和户外套袋交叉授粉试验显示,P/O值为2 000±300;不同类型花的异花授粉结果率在50.64%~80.32%,其中短型花的花粉授到长型花柱头的结果率最高,达80.32%,而长型花和短型花的同型花授粉结果率分别为2.92%和34.15%,表明连翘的异花授粉结果率高于自花授粉,以异交为主,其繁育系统属兼性异交.研究结果认为,连翘雌雄异位和雌雄异熟是其自然结果率低下的主要原因,为进一步探讨连翘在木犀科中的系统进化提供了生殖生态学的依据.

Abstract:Cleaning specimen preparation was adopted to comparatively examine the leaf venations of 12 species and one variety of Bistorta(Polygonaceae) in China and it was found that the leaf venations could be divided into three types,(1) brochidodromo-camptodromo

Abstract:Morphological characteristics and primary vascular systems of Duchesnea indica(Andrews) Focke,Potentilla discolor Bunge,Geum aleppicum Jacq,Sanguisorba officinalis L.in Rosoideae were examined by tissue cleaning and paraffin sectioning,which indicated tha

Abstract:Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were adopted to systematically examine of the morphologies and anatomies of the roots rhizomes,stipe,rachis,leaf epidermis,trichomes,and sporangia of seven species of two Athyriaceae genera(Athyrium Roth.a

Abstract:Using paraffin sectioning, the morphological structure and development of salt bladder of Atriplex centralasiatica I1jin were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that in A. centralasiatica salt bladders originated f

Abstract:以太行山区成龄(15年生)黄连木高接的阿月浑子(4年生)为材料,系统观测了10个阿月浑子雌雄品种的花序生长、花期物候以及开花节律.结果表明,阿月浑子花序生长始于3月下旬,生长期持续15~20 d;花期始于4月上旬,花期持续8~12 d;不同品种间的花期存在较大差异,雄株Peter和T491品种的花期较早,而雄株T11品种的花期较晚,其花期与雌株品种的花期基本吻合,可作为太行山地区适宜的授粉品种加以应用.

Abstract:对山西省南部平陆、乡宁和翼城3个翅果油树(Elaeagnus mollisDiels)种群分别进行了传粉生物学观察.结果表明:(1)翅果油树花期一般为8~12 d,单花花期3~4 d,结实率仅为0.42%;(2)访花者多属于膜翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目昆虫,蜂类是有效的传粉者;(3)翅果油树依靠芳香气味、花蜜、花粉和适度紧缩的生殖枝吸引访花昆虫;(4)昆虫的访花活动主要集中在11:00~16:00,访花活动易受气象因素影响;(5)自然条件下,翅果油树平均每日每花被访问的频次为(1.93±1.64)次,人工放蜂可显著增加传粉强度;(6)交配系统属居群内的异花传粉,仍属于广义的自花传粉范畴.传粉昆虫少,传粉效率低是翅果油树致濒的重要因素之一.

Abstract:Transmission electron microscope and HPLC were adopted to study cellular ultrastructures and aloin contents of Aloe vera L.growing under shaded condition and natural light.The observation by transmission electron microscope indicated that while A.vera L.h

Abstract:以中华补血草(Limonium sinenseKuntze)为实验材料,研究了不同浓度NaCl处理对其生长、盐腺发育及泌盐速率的影响.结果显示:(1)随着NaCl浓度的升高,植株干重和鲜重均先显著升高后逐渐下降,当NaCl处理浓度为100 mmol/L时,植株干、鲜重达到最大;(2)与对照相比,300 mmol/L NaCl处理下盐腺的分泌细胞及平均直径差异不显著,而在1002、00 mmol/L的NaCl处理下显著增大;(3)随着NaCl浓度的升高,盐腺密度显著升高且叶片上表面盐腺总数明显高于对照,单个盐腺的泌盐速率和叶片整体泌盐速率均显著升高.结果表明,100~200 mmol/L NaCl处理可显著促进中华补血草盐腺的发育及泌盐能力,300 mmol/L以上NaCl处理对盐腺的直径影响不显著,但可显著促进盐腺的泌盐能力.

Abstract:Transmission electron microscopy was adopted to examine the ultrastructure of in vitro stem apexes of kivi through vitrification cryopreservation.It was found that the cells of the stem apexes increased their vacuole number and decreased their vacuole siz

Abstract:对长鞭红景天悬浮培养细胞的玻璃化法超低温保存进行了初步研究.结果表明,预培养、预处理、脱水处理及冻后处理对长鞭红景天悬浮培养细胞存活率均有重要影响,方差分析结果均显示差异显著.长鞭红景天悬浮培养细胞过程中最佳培养条件是:在含5%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的MS培养基上预培养1 h,室温下80%PVS2预处理40 min,然后用100%PVS2于0℃处理50 min,投入液氮(LN)保存1 h后在40℃水浴中迅速化冻,再用1.2 mol/L蔗糖培养液洗涤3次,每次10 min,洗涤后的悬浮培养细胞用氯化三苯四氮唑(TTC)法检测,其存活率可达72.70%.

Abstract:用不同浓度的牛蒡寡糖(BOS)溶液喷施黄瓜幼苗植株,研究牛蒡寡糖对黄瓜正常生长的生理生化特性的影响.结果表明,与对照组相比,施用1、3、5、8和10 g?L-1牛蒡寡糖处理的黄瓜叶片其叶绿素含量、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量和PSⅡ的光化学效率均有不同程度的升高,而细胞膜相对透性和MDA的含量均有所降低,其中5 g?L-1是最适处理浓度.因此,牛蒡寡糖能够促进植物的生长发育并提高其抗逆性.

Abstract:以拟南芥的野生型(ws)、异三聚体G蛋白α亚基基因GPA1缺失突变体(gpa1-1,gpa1-2)和超表达突变体(wGα,cGα)为材料,通过施加不同浓度(0~0.2 mg/L)的NAA处理,对拟南芥根生长发育的一些形态指标进行了观测比较.结果表明:(1)随着培养基中NAA浓度的不断升高,5种基因型主根的伸长生长均受到抑制,且抑制作用随浓度升高而增强;4种突变体和野生型主根的生长在相同浓度NAA处理下,无明显差异;(2)NAA在一定浓度范围内,对拟南芥侧根的生长发育起促进作用;在NAA诱导的侧根生长中,G蛋白超表达突变体比野生型更敏感,缺失突变体则不敏感.初步证明G蛋白不参与主根生长发育的调节,而在侧根生长发育中可能起正调节作用.

Abstract:The activities of the enzymes related to glutathione-ascorbic acid metabolism(GST,GPX,APX,GR,DHAR,MDHAR),the contents of GSH,ASA and MDA and the biomass of Arabidopsis,a modular organism,were measured to study the effects of the over-expression of GST gen

Abstract:以转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因水稻品系52-7的受体亲本中花8号、旱作品种开系7和陆稻白珍珠为对照,分别用含0、5、7 g?L-1NaCl的水稻专用营养液培养水稻幼苗,对转BADH基因水稻品系52-7的抗盐性及其机理进行研究.结果表明:在正常培养条件下,转基因水稻幼苗比对照品种长势旺,根系活力强,可溶性糖和叶绿素含量高,抗氧化酶SOD和POD活性高.在盐胁迫条件下,水稻幼苗生长减慢,根冠比值减小,根系活力增强;膜透性和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性提高;脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量升高,叶绿素含量下降,蛋白质分解加强;且随着盐浓度的升高各指标变化幅度增加.与对照品种比较,转基因水稻幼苗在盐胁迫下的生长量和根冠比较大,电解质相对渗出率和MDA含量较低,蛋白质和叶绿素分解较少,表现出较强的抗盐性.盐胁迫下转基因水稻幼苗比对照品种具有更高的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量以及SOD和POD活性,使其抗盐性强.

Abstract:The study investigated the effects of nitrogen and sulphur combined application on kernel starch of the wheat variety Yumai 50 with weak gluten under field circumstances. It was shown that nitrogen-sulphur interaction exerted significant influence on both

Abstract:对9种冷季型草在春夏季干旱条件下的光合、蒸腾等生理特性进行测定.结果表明:春季冷季型草净光合速率在6:00较低,8:00~12:00后出现最大值后逐渐下降,呈曲线变化.不同种类的日平均净光合速率,以虉草和看麦娘最高,达11μmol?m-2?s-1,匍匐剪股颖不到5μmol?m-2?s-1,其它草种居中,为6~10μmol?m-2?s-1.夏季测定时,大部分冷季型草在6:00净光合速率为全天最大值,8:00后光合速率下降,至16:00光合速率最低,几乎呈直线下降的变化.不同种类的日平均净光合速率,紫羊茅最高,为16.5μmol?m-2?s-1,鸭茅和虉草仅6~7μmol?m-2?s-1,其它草种居中.春季蒸腾速率早晨6:00~8:00最低,随后逐步升高至最高峰后又逐渐回落.不同种类的日平均蒸腾速率,看麦娘、高羊茅、虉草、草地早熟禾较高,为2 mmol?m-2?s-1左右,最低为匍匐剪股颖0.8 mmol?m-2?s-1,其它草种为1.3~1.8 mmol?m-2?s-1.夏季大部分植物在6:00蒸腾速率较高,至8:00开始回落,10:00后上升,到最高点后回降,呈多峰变化的曲线.不同种类的日平均蒸腾速率,紫羊茅最高为3.5 mmol?m-2?s-1,最低为无芒雀麦、鸭茅、虉草,为1.4~1.7 mmol?m-2?s-1,其它草种为2.1~2.8 mmol?m-2?s-1.

Abstract:Ten pairs of allelic specific primers were designed for different sites according to the reported gene sequence of 1Bx14 subunit and one of them was screened to amplify ten wheat varieties with known HMW-GS in Glu-1Bx site by PCR.It was shown that a speci

Abstract:43 basal germplasms were chosen as the experimental subjects and they were planted in randomized block manner;the numbers of their fruiting shoots,bolls and plant heights were investigated in the field and their lint percentage to seed cotton,boll weights

Abstract:The study preliminarily investigated pteridophyte flora in the area under the jurisdiction of Beijing,revealing that there are 77 species belonging to 34 genera and 19 families in the area,and their dominant families are Athyriaceae, Woodsiaceae,Dryopteri

Abstract:The algae in Huaishahe River-Huaijiuhe River Nature Reserve,Beijing,were investigated for the first time and 360 samples of aquatic algae were collected in ten sampling sites,identified and statistically analyzed to study floral compositions and temporal

Abstract:In 2001-2005,1 810 specimens of mosses were collected in the upper reaches of Luanhe River and identified. It was shown that there are two forms,12 varieties,1 subspecies,175 species,75 genera and 27 families of mosses in the upper reaches of Luanhe River

Abstract:There are 23 families,46 genera and 107 species of pteridophytes in Xiaoqinling Mountain Nature Reserve.Their floral characteristics are:they have diverse geographical elements,wide ranges of floral relations and ancient origins to some extent;they are do

Abstract:采用由连续小样方(2 m×2 m)组成的样带取样,并用双项轨迹方差分析法对芦芽山油松-辽东栎林优势树种空间分布格局进行了研究.结果表明,油松和辽东栎的小斑块规模在8~16 m之间,大斑块规模在60~70 m之间.乔木种联合格局的小斑块规模为20~30 m,大斑块规模为80~90 m.乔木层的联合格局比单个优势种群格局大,种群格局是相互交错和相互重叠的.该格局结构有利于资源的充分利用并增强对干扰的抗性.

Abstract:借助广义线性模型(generalized linear models,GLM),拟合了混沟森林植被乔、灌、草各层及群落总体的Shannon-Wiener指数与环境因子间的关系,并通过SΦrenson指数研究了海拔梯度上相邻森林群落类型物种组成的相似性,结果显示:(1)土壤pH值和海拔高度是对物种Shannon-Wiener指数影响最广泛的环境因子,湿度指数对混沟地区物种多样性影响不大.坡向对乔木层Shannon-Wiener指数的影响比较大,对灌木层和草本层α多样性无明显作用,在中等pH值和半阴/半阳坡乔木层Shannon-Wiener指数最小;灌木层Shannon-Wiener指数随海拔的升高呈下降趋势;草本层Shannon-Wiener指数没有表现出特定的变化规律;群落总体Shannon-Wiener指数主要受土壤pH值影响,随着pH值的增加呈上升趋势;(2)乔、灌、草各层以及群落总体的SΦrenson指数在海拔梯度上的变化规律大致相同,都是在中等海拔处较低,低海拔和高海拔处各有一个峰值,海拔1 000~1 500 m段可能是混沟主要植被类型的过渡带.

Abstract:The genus Stenoseris was revised taxonomically on the basis of both herbarium and field observations.Three species were recognized.Three previously recognized taxa,S.leptantha,S.taliensis,and S.tenuis were treated as new synonyms.A new key to species,and

Abstract:In this paper,the new record of five species,one subspecies,one variety and one form of seed plants of Shandong Province is reported,including Ulmus changii Cheng,Morus australis Poir.var.inusitata(Levl.) C.Y.Wu,Pulsatilla ambigua Turcz.ex Pritz.,Cotoneas

Abstract:运用形态解剖学的方法对蜡菊总苞苞片的不同部位做横、纵切片,用HCl-间苯三酚染色进行细胞壁成分定性研究.显微观察发现:在总苞苞片背面表皮细胞及以下的1~2层细胞排列紧密整齐,细胞次生壁强烈加厚,且木质化,特别在干湿敏感区域,背面细胞表皮细胞外侧壁更厚,这些加厚的细胞壁具有数目繁多的纹孔,而腹面的几层细胞为薄壁细胞,当水分条件发生变化时,形成了苞片内外巨大的形变张力差,使蜡菊的总苞能够湿润闭合、干燥开放.

Abstract:Scanning electron microscope was employed to observe the pollen morphologies of seven species of Zygophyllum in Alashan Desert.It was shown that the pollens of each and every species was typical of Zygophyllum pollens in such features as ornamentations an

Abstract:One-year-old seedling of three rootstock varieties of grape with different salt tolerances,which were hydroponically cultured,were treated with NaCl at different concentrations to examine how the MDA and proline contents varied in the leaves.It was shown

Abstract:Darselect',a strawberry variety(Fragaria ananassa Duch),was hydroponically pot planted to study the effects of NaCl,CaCl_2,Ca(AC)_2 and Ca(NO_3)_2 on its growth and photosynthetic features.It was shown that under the four types of stress it significantly

Abstract:采用全光照(Lck)与遮荫处理———透光率为71%(L1)、63%(L2)和22%(L3),对雪茄外包皮烟生长发育及其光合特性进行了研究.结果显示:(1)随着透光率的降低,烟株茎变细,叶片变薄;株高和叶面积各处理均先增加后降低,且在L2遮荫条件下株高和叶面积显著高于其它处理,分别达最大值(32.5 cm,47 620 cm2);根系干重显著降低,总干重先增加至透光率为63%时达最大值,当透光率降至22%时又显著降低;净光合效率(Pn)呈先增加后降低趋势,且在透光率为71%的遮荫条件下达最大值;(2)遮荫处理可显著提高雪茄外包皮烟叶绿素含量和Fv/F0值,使ΦpsⅡ、Fv/Fm和QP值增大、QN和Chl a/b的值降低.研究表明,透光率为63%的遮荫处理下雪茄外包皮烟植株地上部分生长最好.

Abstract:选用铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)和脆杆藻(Fragilariasp.)为试验材料,在不同锌离子浓度下对2类微藻的增殖影响进行研究分析.藻类增长潜力(AGP)实验结果显示,在Zn2 浓度为0.02~1.00μg/L的液体培养基中,铜绿微囊藻的生长增殖快,Zn2 浓度达到100.00μg/L时,受到明显抑制.Zn2 浓度在0.02μg/L时,脆杆藻的生长繁殖快,Zn2 浓度>0.10μg/L后,则受到不同程度的抑制.

Abstract:Octoploid Tritielytrigia varities(TAI 7054 and Zhong 1) and Triticum aestivum varieties(Jinmai 66,Jinmai 67,Jinmai 70 and Jintai 170) with different water requirements were planted in greenhouse to compare their stomata at the flowering stage.It was shown

Abstract:采用反复硅胶柱色谱方法进行分离，通过理化性质和波谱分析鉴定结构。从土贝母Bolbostemma paniculatum （Maxim．） Franquet石油醚部位中分离并鉴定了3个化合物：棕榈酸（Ⅰ）、三十烷（Ⅱ）、二十九烷（Ⅲ）；又从氯仿部位中分离并鉴定了5个化合物：β-谷甾醇（Ⅳ）、尿囊素（Ⅴ）、葫芦素B（Ⅵ）、腺苷（Ⅶ）、胞嘧啶（Ⅶ）。化合物Ⅱ～Ⅴ，Ⅶ、Ⅶ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。

Abstract:The paper mainly focuses on commenting on the experimental systems that have been adopted in the researches about xylem cell differentiation in the recent several decades and the research advances that have been made with these systems.Based on the resear

Abstract:SRAP and TRAP are the recently developed molecular marker systems that are simple,convenient,efficient and highly repeatable and have been widely adopted in genetics,breeding and germplasm research of horticultural plants.The paper introduces the principl

Abstract:cDNA-AFLP is a new technique of studying gene expression,repeatable,stable and reliable,so that it is suitable to carry out all-round and systematic transcriptome studies and widely adopted in researches about gene expression,genetic marker analysis in pl